Compositions – Electrolytes for electrical devices
Patent
1993-01-27
1993-12-21
Albrecht, Dennis
Compositions
Electrolytes for electrical devices
252 95, 252104, 252122, 252132, 252173, 25217417, 25217419, 25217421, 25218629, 252550, 252DIG14, C11D 322, C11D 3395, C11D 1004, C11D 1708
Patent
active
052718603
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a water-based liquid detergent which contains hydrogen peroxide as bleaching agent and which is distinguished by high stability in storage and easy dosing and by a process for its production.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Both non-aqueous and aqueous liquid detergents containing bleaching per compounds are known. In non-aqueous detergents, the per compounds typically added in the form of solid perhydrates or per salts are generally not difficult to stabilize. However, difficulties are often involved in stabilizing the detergents against separation. These difficulties are normally counteracted by adjusting the detergents to a high viscosity and grinding the ingredients to a very small particle size by an elaborate grinding process carried out in colloid mills. In many cases, sedimentation stabilizers also have to be added. Another disadvantage is that relatively large quantities of inflammable organic solvents often have to be added. Detergents of the type mentioned are described, for example, in DE 12 79 878 (GB 1,205,711), DE 22 33 771 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,850,831), DE 28 25 218 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,316,812) and Ep 30 086.
In water-based liquid detergents, in which the ingredients are dissolved and hence are generally more resistant to phase separation, considerable difficulties are involved in stabilizing oxygen-containing bleaching agents. According to DE 10 80 722, highly condensed phosphates are added to the detergents which are then adjusted to a pH value of 6 to 6.5. On account of their phosphate content, the detergents have a eutrophicating effect in wastewater. In addition, the detergents are paste-like on account of their high percentage content of nonionic surfactants and, accordingly, cannot be measured out with measuring cups, as preferred by consumers. The detergents described in DE 15 67 583 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,658,712) contain a special crosslinked polymer as stabilizer which also thickens the detergents to a considerable extent so that they are difficult to dose. Finally, according to EP 38 101, the particles of bleaching agent are encapsulated and are suspended in the detergent in this form. Unfortunately, there are no details in this document as to the nature of the encapsulating material which, logically, must be stable or rather insoluble in the water-based detergent concentrate, but unstable or rather readily soluble in the aqueous wash liquor.
The problems discussed in the foregoing are solved by the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bleaching liquid detergent containing sodium or potassium salt, unsaturated sodium or potassium soap, formula RO(G).sub.x, where R is a C.sub.8-18 alkyl radical, G is a glucose unit and x is a number of 1 to 10, average 5 to 9 ethylene oxide groups, alcohols containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
Suitable alkyl sulfates (A) are the sulfuric acid monoesters of C.sub.12-18 fatty alcohols, such as lauryl, myristyl or cetyl alcohol, more particularly the fatty alcohol mixtures which are obtained from coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil and which may additionally contain unsaturated alcohols, for example oleyl alcohol. Mixtures in which 50 to 70% by weight of the alkyl radicals are C.sub.12 radicals, 18 to 30% by weight C.sub.14 radicals, 5 to 15% by weight C.sub.16 radicals, less than 3% by weight C.sub.10 radicals and less than 10% by weight C.sub.18 radicals are preferably used. The percentage content of fatty alkyl sulfates (A) in the detergents is preferably 4 to 8% by weight in the form of the sodium salts.
Preferred soaps (B) are the salts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the form of their mixtures. A preferred soap mixture is formed, for example, from sodium oleate (B1) and the sodium salts of saturated C.sub.12-16 fatty acid mixtures (B2) in a ratio of 3:1 to 1:3. The percentage content of C.sub.12-14 fatty acids in component (B2) is best at least 60% by weight and preferably at least 75%
REFERENCES:
patent: 4470919 (1984-09-01), Goffinet
patent: 4525291 (1985-06-01), Smith
patent: 4764302 (1988-08-01), Baker
patent: 4775424 (1988-10-01), Wisotzki
Schwadtke Karl
Sung Eric
Albrecht Dennis
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Szoke Ernest G.
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