Compositions – Oxidative bleachant – oxidant containing – or generative – Contains activator admixed with inorganic peroxide
Patent
1991-06-19
1995-07-11
Lovering, Richard D.
Compositions
Oxidative bleachant, oxidant containing, or generative
Contains activator admixed with inorganic peroxide
25218639, 252 95, 25218643, C09K 300
Patent
active
054318491
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of PCT/DK90/00022 filed Jan. 22, 1990, which is incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a bleaching detergent composition, a washing and bleaching liquor, and a washing and bleaching process. More particularly, these comprise a source of hydrogen peroxide and a bleach activator.
BACKGROUND ART
It is well known that detergents comprising peroxygen bleaches such as sodium perborate (PB) or sodium percarbonate (PC) are effective in removing stains from textiles. It is also known that the bleaching effect at temperatures below 50.degree. C. can be increased by using a peracid precursor (bleach activator), such as tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), or pentaacetylglucose (PAG), which are perhydrolyzed to form a peracid as the active bleaching species, leading to improved bleaching effect.
It is the object of the invention to provide such compositions containing a non-toxic, biodegradable compound that functions both as a bleach activator and as a surfactant. None of the known bleach activators are effective surfactants under practical washing conditions, and no reference appears to have disclosed or suggested the use of any surface-active compound as a bleach activator.
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
We have surprisingly found that certain sugar derivatives are effective both as surfactants and as bleach activators (peracid precursors). The compounds are non-toxic and biodegradable. They act as nonionic surfactants and are effective in soil removal from textiles, e.g. of fatty soiling. In the presence of a hydrogen peroxide source, the sugar derivatives are perhydrolyzed to form long-chain peracid, thereby acting as a bleach activators which are particularly effective on hydrophobic stains.
Accordingly, the invention provides a bleaching detergent composition comprising a source of hydrogen peroxide and a C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 fatty acyl mono- or diester of a hexose or pentose or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl glycoside thereof. The invention also provides a washing and bleaching liquor and a washing and bleaching process using these compounds.
JP-A 55-102,697 discloses a cleaning and bleaching agent containing sodium percarbonate and sucrose fatty acid ester, particularly a mixture of mono- and diesters of sucrose with palmitic, stearic, oleic or lauric acid. Data in said reference demonstrate that addition of the sucrose fatty acid ester improves the removal of fatty soiling but the reference is silent on the effect of the sucrose ester on bleaching. Data presented later in this specification demonstrate that the esters used in this invention are superior as bleach activators to the sucrose esters used in the reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hydrogen peroxide source
The composition of the invention comprises a hydrogen peroxide source as a bleaching agent, i.e. a compound that generates hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution of the detergent. Examples are hydrogen peroxide, perborates such as sodium perborates and percarbonates such as sodium percarbonate.
Sugar derivative
The sugar derivative used in the invention has the general formula
The fatty acyl group may be saturated, mono- or poly-unsaturated; straight-chain or branched-chain, preferably C.sub.6 -C.sub.12. Some preferred acyl groups are hexanoyl, heptanoyl, octanoyl, nonanoyl, decanoyl, undecanoyl, dodecanoyl, and oleoyl. Sugar derivatives with these acyl groups combine good surfactant properties with good bleach activation.
The sugar moiety is preferably an aldohexose or aldopentose. For reasons of economy, glucose or xylose derivatives are preferred.
Esters of the pentose or hexose itself or of a methyl or ethyl glycoside thereof are preferred as they have good surfactant properties.
Hexose derivatives with a single acyl group attached to the 6-position are preferred as they may be conveniently prepared and are particularly preferred when a relatively slow perhydrolysis is desir
REFERENCES:
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patent: 4889651 (1989-12-01), Broze
patent: 5047168 (1991-09-01), Broze et al.
Chemical and Biochemical Studies on Carbohydrate Esters II Antitumor Activity of Saturated Fatty Acids and Their Ester Derivatives Against Ebiligh Ascites Carcinoma, Nishikawa et al., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences et al. Jun. 17, 1975.
Damhus Ture
Hardy Frederick E.
Kirk Ole
Anthony Joseph D.
Lambiris Elias J.
Lovering Richard D.
Novo Nordisk A S
Zelson Steve T.
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