Metallurgical apparatus – Means for treating ores or for extracting metals – By means applying heat to work – e.g. – furnace
Patent
1985-08-23
1988-09-06
Andrews, Melvyn J.
Metallurgical apparatus
Means for treating ores or for extracting metals
By means applying heat to work, e.g., furnace
266197, 266271, 266281, C21B 712
Patent
active
047687550
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to blast-furnaces, and more particularly to the arrangement of these blast-furnaces in the region of the pouring apertures or tap holes.
It is known that, in present blast-furnaces, the part of the casing surrounding the pouring aperture, commonly termed the "gendarme", acts as a support for an internal lining formed by blocks of carbon or other suitable refractory material, these blocks being arranged in a relatively complex arrangement so as to ensure the most effective seal it is possible to obtain of the pouring aperture. In order to achieve this seal, the "gendarme" comprises around the pouring aperture a flange which extends toward the interior of the blast-furnace and has an end surface which acts as a support for the carbon blocks. As mentioned before, in order to ensure that the carbon blocks have a good support and to avoid the piercing and rupture of the material constituting these blocks and also to be in a position to support the forces due to the ferrostatic pressure and to the pressure of the gases prevailing in the blast-furnace (this pressure being capable of reaching 40 to 50 Mpa), the blocks must bear against the casing with a very high precision, for example to within 5/10th of a millimetre.
In order to achieve this precision, the flange must be machined after the carbon blocks have been placed in position and presented to the flange. This "made to measure" machining of the flange in one piece with the "gendarme" constitutes an extremely long and delicate operation which renders the reconditioning of an existing blast-furnace very costly.
An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device which permit the carrying out of this operation in a much more simple and rapid manner while providing excellent results as concerns the precision in the assembly of the carbon blocks and the seal obtained.
The invention therefore provides a method for manufacturing or repairing a blast-furnace, comprising a casing/defining pouring apertures, and blocks of refractory material bearing against a surface of the casing and closing said pouring aperture, said method comprising employing a support element independent of the casing, disposing said support element in such manner that it is capable of moving relative to the casing putting the blocks of refractory material in their correct position relative to the theoretical centre of the blast-furnace, which has for effect to bring the support element in its correct position relative to the blocks of refractory material, fixing the support element on the casing, withdrawing the blocks of refractory material, fixing on the casing and the support element a metal band providing the seal between these two elements, and then effecting a conventional operation for filling the gap between the casing and the refractory material.
According to other features:
the support element is first of all suspended from the casing;
before fixing the support element on the casing, the support element is positioned relative to the casing by means of screws which bear against the casing;
the fixing of the support element on the casing is achieved by blocks;
the temporary and/or final fixing of the support element relative to the casing is achieved by welding the support screws to the casing;
a groove is provided in the carbon blocks in which a part of the support element is engaged.
Another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement of a blast-furnace in the region of the pouring aperture comprising a casing defining an opening corresponding to the pouring aperture, and a lining of blocks of refractory material closing said opening in a sealed manner by cooperating with a support surface rigid with the casing, wherein the support surface is defined by a support element independent of the casing but fixed to the casing, a metal band fixed to said support element and to the casing providing the seal between these two elements.
According to other features:
the support element includes means for suspending it from the casing;
REFERENCES:
patent: 4026443 (1977-05-01), Meier
patent: 4565525 (1986-01-01), Van Laar et al.
Andrews Melvyn J.
Union Siderurgique du Nord et de L'est de la France (USINOR)
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