Biosensors for detecting metal ions capable of being reduced by

Details Biosensors for detecting metal ions capable of being reduced by Biosensors for detecting metal ions capable of being reduced by

1994-07-18

1996-03-19

Gitomer, Ralph J.

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...

Involving oxidoreductase

435189, 435232, 4352887, 435817, 4352871, 204403, 2057775, C12Q 126, C12N 988, G01N 2700

Patent

active

055003516

ABSTRACT:
A biosensor for detecting metal ions of elements such as Hg, Cr, As, Tc, Cu, Ag, Se, V, Mo and U which are capable of being reduced to metal by a reductase enzyme. The reductase enzyme is contained in an immobilized enzyme composition also including a cofactor and a coenzyme. The cofactor, for example NADPH, is oxidized by a reaction coupled with the reductase reduction of the metal ions and the cofactor in its oxidized state, e.g., NADP.sup.+, is re-reduced thereby maintaining a supply of the reduced state cofactor by action of the coenzyme in a further oxidation reaction coupled with the cofactor reduction. The further oxidation reaction may be oxidation of an alcohol to an aldehyde brought about by a dehydrogenase coenzyme. The oxidation brought about by the coenzyme, i.e., the amount of oxidized product, is a measure of the amount of oxidized state cofactor produced which, in turn, is a measure of the concentration of metal ions being detected. The amount of oxidation may be detected in one of a number of ways, especially by coupling the oxidation product with a reaction catalyzed by a light emitting coenzyme such as luciferase.

REFERENCES:
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Bacdi F., Environmental Applications of Mercury-Water Air & Soil Pollution 56: 465-475 (1991).
Ryabov, A., Biochemistry of Organometallic CPDS Biochemistry USSR vol. 55 No. 7 Pt 1 (1994) pp. 863-930.
Vo, M., Preparation and Properties of Immobilized . . . Nippon Seramikkusu Kyokai 100: 430-433 (1992).

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