Surgery – Instruments – Stereotaxic device
Patent
1991-01-11
1992-09-15
Pellegrino, Stephen C.
Surgery
Instruments
Stereotaxic device
378197, 604116, A61B 1900
Patent
active
051473720
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
In connection with computed tomographic examinations nowadays often so called biopsy arcs are used, that is, guiding instruments for inserting properly and safely examination means, such as sampling needles and the like, into the patient body concerned. Usually such biopsy arcs are provided with complicated adjustment means for directing the needles, and they require that the operating personnel be thoroughly trained in order that said means be used in an appropriate manner. Furthermore there are very often a risk of so called disturbing artefacts caused by the structure of the devices when these come into the vicinity of the section image. In examinations of the said kind it is thus very important that the occurring section images of the patient body concerned are not disturbed by structural material attenuating the radiation, as the contents of the images can easily be misinterpreted in such cases.
PRIOR ART
In this technical field there are a plurality of known designs, as can be seen from the patent literature. As an example the German Publication DE 32 05 915 can be mentioned. The device shown in this paper includes an arc which encloses substantially 270.degree. of a circle and is secured to a patient's table. On the arc, which is provided with indicia, there is a slider to be slidably pushed along the arc. The slider includes a needle carrier which is movable about an axis and thus able to be turned in the plane of the arc. After a section image of a body under examination has been studied and the organ to be examined or punctured has been localized, the approximate insert angle of the needle is determined, also the depth of insertion, after which the needle carrier is set on the arc in the estimated position and approximately directed. Then the needle is inserted into the patient and loosened from the arc in order that a check picture be taken and the needle position obtained evaluated. Should positioning not be carried out exactly as intended the needle has to be pulled out, a new directing operation be carried out and the needle be inserted again. This is of course not satisfactory neither with respect to the examination nor to the patient.
The German Patent Specification DE 33 39 259 discloses an arc arrangement provided with some radial apertures through which guide means can be inserted for, in this case, drilling. The arrangement has no direct bearing on computed tomography but still it is mentioned as representing prior art guiding instruments.
As an example of usually occurring biopsy arc arrangements reference is made to the U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,350,159 and 4,463,758. These arrangements both include advanced structures for adjusting needles when carrying out examinations of the said type in connection with computed tomography. As can be clearly seen from the structure of these arrangements very disturbing artefacts can arise in the tomographic pictures if parts of the structures concerned should enter into the respective section picture.
Thus there is a need of a simple and safe method of determining the position as well as the penetration depth of an examination needle without it being necessary to resort to either intricate trigonometric calculations or complicated apparatus adjustments.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention solves the problem mentioned above in a very simple and appropriate manner. A biopsy arc according to the invention, in particular for computed tomography, is provided with a plurality of apertures directed towards the area within the arc, the arc being mounted in such a way that it can be angularly set for adjustment of the plane of the arc to a plane of image section in the computed tomographic apparatus. Furthermore, the arc should be such as to exhibit such an attenuation of the radiation concerned which is equal to or less than that exhibited by organic issue. The arc will then form part of the related section image, whereby the directions of the apertures will be identifiable. Hereby it is possible, in order to select to suitable pat
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Nasstrom Gunnar
Nymark Bernt
Dawson Glenn K.
Pellegrino Stephen C.
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