Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Patent
1997-10-31
1999-10-05
Gitomer, Ralph
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
A61K 3578
Patent
active
059619813
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the field of biology, and more precisely to biologically active substances of marine origin.
The present invention relates to new biologically active substances extracted from plants of the family of the Dictyotales, a process for obtaining them and compositions comprising them.
The compositions of the present invention are intended for modification of the synthesis of glycosylated elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal and human tissues.
The term plants of the family of the Dictyotales is to be understood as meaning, more particularly, those which are capable of fixing, condensing, precipitating or effecting the synthesis, on their thallus, of calcium carbonate in the crystalline form called aragonite.
The term plants may relate to the dried or fresh, ground or untreated plant.
The plants of which the biologically active substances of the invention are extracted are the Pheophyceae, class of the Fucophyceae, order of the Dictyotales, family of the Dictyotaceae. Only some genera belong to the family of the Dictyotales, and these are Padina, Zonaria or Dictyota. The genus Padina comprises the most frequent species. By way of example, it is possible to find on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea the species pavonica, boyana (P. tenuis) and boergesenii, on the shores of the Pacific (not including the species already mentioned): arborescens, australis, boryana, caulens, commersonii, concrescens, crasse, durvillei, elegans, fernandeziana, fraseri and gymnospora, and furthermore on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean: glabra, haitensis, distromatica and dubia. There are also species typical of the Indian Ocean. One of the characteristics of these plants is that of fixing, on their thallus, a layer of calcium carbonate of the aragonite or orthorhombic type on the surface of the fronds. This characteristic is detected by X-ray diffraction analysis of the powder obtained with these plants. X-ray diffraction shows that the powder of these plants has significant intensity peaks at the angles 2 .theta.:-3.393.degree., -3.268.degree., -2.699.degree., -2.682.degree., -2.371.degree., -2.336.degree. (doublet), -1.976.degree. and -1.877.degree. (doublet). These diffraction angles are characteristic of aragonite. The present invention relates to new biologically active substances which modify the synthesis of glycosylated elements of the extracellular matrix of animal and human tissues and which are extracted from plants of the family of the Dictyotales. These new biologically active substances are characterized in particular by a polycyclic structure carrying a side chain having 4 to 10 carbon atoms in a straight to or branched line and containing one or two double bonds.
The new substances are also characterized by more precise analytical data.
The present invention also relates to a process for obtaining the biologically active substances extracted from plants of the family of the Dictyotales. In a first stage, the plant of the family of the Dictyotales is subjected, after harvesting, to drying, if possible in the absence of light, to keep its pharmacological properties intact.
Slow drying with significant insolation leads to substances which are not very active and are unstable when being obtained. Drying by more appropriate methods, with the main condition that active substances are obtained, are therefore preferably used.
For this reason, drying of the ground or untreated plants is carried out by ventilation without heating, and a vegetable material of dark maroon colour, on which the white streaks of calcium carbonate contrast vividly, is thus obtained. Another method, although less economical, is also satisfactory: It comprises draining the plants to a high degree and then drying them in the absence of air. Lyophilization of the ground or non-ground plant gives an anhydrous product in an advantageous manner.
These last two techniques give a material of dark green-brown colour which is very fragile and easily reduced to a powder, which facilitates extraction with a solvent t
REFERENCES:
patent: 5556626 (1996-09-01), D'Arrigo
Okazaki M., A Study of Calcium Carbonate Depostion in the Genus Padina, Br Phycol J 21:217-224, Jun. 1986.
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