Liquid purification or separation – With gas-liquid surface contact means
Patent
1993-11-12
1997-10-07
Walker, W. L.
Liquid purification or separation
With gas-liquid surface contact means
425547, 425588, B01D 2502
Patent
active
056743858
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to the field of environment protection and may be used as an universal industrially produced biofilter for purification of sewage.
THE PRIOR ART
One known system uses a load for a biofilter, produced in the shape of pipes, assembled into the blocks, inside which the pipes are disposed on a predetermined distance and provided with grids, made of rods, which create rectangular holes with the length of the side not less than the outer diameter of the pipes. The load is manufactured from plastic, metallic, glass and other kinds of pipes, and installed inside the grids made of plastic, metallic and ceramic rods. The mounting of the block load is started from the bottom side of a biofilter. On each layer at its top and bottom sides the grids are installed, inside the slots of which the pipes are merged to create the block. The height of the block depends on the total height of the biofilter, the height of the pipes, and other conditions. The preferred height of the block is 0.5-2.0 m. Following the assembly of the first block, the assembly of the next is initiated and further until the biofilter's reservoir capacity is filled. In the assembly of the pipe load in biofilters with a large productivity the intermediate columns are placed in the reservoir in order to fasten grids (SU, A, 1542917).
The disadvantage of the above biofilter load is the absence of a surface which can stimulate the development of microorganisms. This leads to an unstable biocenose influencing the quality of the sewage. Also, the carrying ability of this biofilter is low, which leads to inconveniences during its exploitation. The biofilters with this kind of load cover a large area in sewage treatment constructions and, thus, require considerable, land area for their installation. This leads to an increase in the total cost of the whole sewage treatment complex.
It is also known in the art to load a housing for biological purification of sewage with porous-hollow elements mounted inside and laid one on the other with the formation of a purification layer with vertical channels, wherein, these porous-hollow elements are manufactured via the kilning of a clay raw material (FR, A, 2448511).
The disadvantages of this purification systems are as follows: It possesses low capacity as to the retention of suspended substances and the removal of organic and nitrogen-containing compounds, requires water backwashing for the removal of biofilm, and also has a low efficiency in sewage treatment, since the sizes of opened pores, in which a stable biocenoses develops, are in the range from several microns to 1-2 mm.
The closest on its technical characteristics and achieved results is the load for the biofilter containing a voluminous frame module, consisting of columns unified at their top by an open roof with longitudinal and transverse reinforcing girders, with porous-hollow blocks from kilned clay raw material disposed and packed in the frame module forming the purification layer with through channels (SU, A, 1768028).
The closest technical solution of known methods for porous-hollow ceramic product manufacturing is the method of voluminous porous block production, including preparation of plastically formed granules from clay raw material, with diameter of 8-12 mm, laying up of granules to the height of 60-80 mm in a mold, determination of the temperature of the beginning of swelling and the temperature interval of the raw clay swelling, heat treatment of the layer via heating, swelling and sintering with the subsequent cooling to the temperature of 800.degree.-1000.degree. C. and further reduction to the temperature of 70.degree.-80.degree. C., wherein the heat treatment is carried out with the three isothermic time delayed intervals, first of which is carried out at the temperature of the beginning of the swelling during 10-15 minutes (SU, A, 773021).
The disadvantage of this construction of the biofilter load and the method of a porous-hollow block production therefor reside in that the porous structure and porous-hollow v
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Besedin, deceased Valery Gavrilovich
Ivaschenko Pavel Antonovich
Matveev Jury Ivanovich
Rakotsa Viktor Ivanovich
Van Alstyne MaryAnn
Van Alstyne Peter
Walker W. L.
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