Surgery – Controlled release therapeutic device or system
Patent
1984-12-20
1986-10-07
Kight, John
Surgery
Controlled release therapeutic device or system
604891, 604894, 604897, 424 16, 424 19, 424 21, 424 22, 424 32, 424 78, 424 81, 428343, 428354, A61K 922, A61K 952, A61K 924
Patent
active
046156976
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention contemplates compositions for treatment of skin and mucus membrane, and particularly contemplates controlled release compositions and methods of treatment that include bioadhesives.
2. Background Art
Controlled release of an active agent; i.e., release of the active agent over a period of time, has been a source for considerable research effort over the past twenty to thirty years. Exemplary of systems that utilize controlled release of an active agent are microcapsules containing medicaments as are illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,242,051 and 3,041,289. Substantially inert plastic matrices containing an active agent such as a pesticide dissolved or dispersed therein as are illustrated by U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,590,119, 3,639,583, and 4,012,221, exemplify yet another class of controlled release system.
Several materials, which in the presence of water adhere to the skin and/or mucus membranes, have been used by themselves or in conjunction with one or more active agents to treat various pathological conditions. Exemplary of such materials are the complex of sulfated sucrose and aluminum hydroxide known generically as sucralfate and available under the trademark CARAFATE.RTM. from Marion Laboratories, Inc. of Kansas City, Mo. Sucralfate is used alone or in conjunction with an antacid to treat duodenal ulcers. Another adherent material, designed for use in the buccal cavity, is a combination of gelatin, pectin and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in a plasticized hydrocarbon gel available under the trademark ORABASE.RTM. from Hoyt Laboratories Division of Colgate-Palmolive Co. of Needham, Mass. A mucosal adherent ointment based upon partly neutralized polymethacrylic acid methyl ester was recently reported by Bremecher et al., Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res., 33, 591 (1983). That ointment was reported to show a pseudoplastic quality without any thixotropic effect, good mucosal adhesion and no local irritation.
A sustained release compressed tablet is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,065,143. The tablet is reported to contain a medicinal agent and a hydrophilic gum that hydrates rapidly and swells in aqueous fluids at body temperature. Several naturally occuring and synthetic gums are said to be useful. Particularly useful gums disclosed include hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ethers, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, a material described as carboxy polymethylene, and mixtures thereof.
Delayed release pharmaceuticals are also disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,074,852. The compositions of this patent are disclosed to contain a medicinal component and a polymer carrier. The polymer carrier is disclosed as being a polymer of U.S. Pat. No. 2,798,053, prepared by polymerization of 0.75 to 2 percent by weight polyalkenyl polyether as cross-linking agent with acrylic acid, or its equivalent.
The polymerization is reported to be carried out in a hydrocarbon diluent with a free radical catalyst. The polymer of particular interest in U.S. Pat. No. 3,074,852 is said to be in acid form, and is more particularly described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,909,462, which patent further describes its polymers as being agglomerated by steam action. That particularly described is reported to be the material sold as CARBOPOL.RTM. 934 by B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,330,729 discloses tablets that contain a basic, pharmaceutically acceptable calcium or magnesium salt such as magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide admixed with a medicament and a cross-linked acrylic acid polymer. The cross-linked polymer utilized in those tablets is said to be described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,798,053, and contains acrylic acid cross-linked with about 0.75 to about 2 percent by weight of the polymer of a copolymerized polyalkenyl polyether. Exemplary polyalkenyl polyethers are disclosed as polyallyl sucrose or polyallyl pentaerythritol that are said to desirably contain an average of at least 3 allyl groups per moleclue, the allyl groups being bonded by ether linkages. The exemplary cross-linked polymer is
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Bio-Mimetics, Inc.
Draper Garnette D.
Kight John
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