Bimodal cellular thermoplastic materials

Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or... – Composite having voids in a component

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C428S315500

Reexamination Certificate

active

07923104

ABSTRACT:
Methods for reducing the density of thermoplastic materials and the articles made therefrom having similar or improved mechanical properties to the solid or noncellular material. Also disclosed are improvements to foaming methods and the cellular structures of the foams made therefrom, and methods for altering the impact strength of solid or noncellular thermoplastic materials and the shaping of the materials into useful articles.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3147514 (1964-09-01), Reilly
patent: 3501807 (1970-03-01), Selbach
patent: 4272469 (1981-06-01), Smith
patent: 4473665 (1984-09-01), Martini-Vvedensky
patent: 4510106 (1985-04-01), Hirsch
patent: 5684055 (1997-11-01), Kumar
patent: 6177181 (2001-01-01), Hamada
patent: 6218458 (2001-04-01), Vidaurre
patent: 6379962 (2002-04-01), Holy et al.
patent: 6391934 (2002-05-01), Handa
patent: 6399669 (2002-06-01), Suzuki
patent: 6426372 (2002-07-01), Minami
patent: 6503427 (2003-01-01), Yamamoto
patent: 7622129 (2009-11-01), Haberstroh et al.
patent: 2002/0005600 (2002-01-01), Ma
patent: 2002/0168509 (2002-11-01), DeSimone
patent: 2003/0176636 (2003-09-01), Leisenfelder
patent: 2004/0080070 (2004-04-01), Liu
patent: 2004/0082276 (2004-04-01), Prasad
patent: 2008/0274346 (2008-11-01), Miller
patent: 2008/0277817 (2008-11-01), Miller
patent: 2008/0280123 (2008-11-01), Miller
patent: 2009/0065136 (2009-03-01), Nadella
patent: 19955171 (2001-05-01), None
patent: 1219672 (2002-07-01), None
patent: 1154965 (1969-06-01), None
International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Search Authority dated Mar. 23, 2009, in corresponding International Application No. PCT/US2008/056734, filed Mar. 12, 2008.
International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Search Authority dated Mar. 23, 2009, in related International Application No. PCT/US2008/056738, filed Mar. 12, 2008.
Waldman, F.A., “The Processing of Microcellular Foam,” master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 1982.
Kumar, V., et al., “Production of Thick Microcellular Thermoplastic Sheets for Load Bearing Applications,” Proceedings of the Polymer and Supercritical Fluid Processing Conference, Tokyo, Dec. 4-6, 2003.
Li, W., et al., “Manufacturing of Micro-Scale Open-Cell Polymeric Foams Using the Solid-State Foaming Process,” Transaction of North American Manufacturing Research Institution of Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME), vol. 31, 2003, pp. 271-378.
Liu, T., et al., “Nanoporous Polymer Films From Immiscible Polymer Blends: Pore Size and Composition Dependence,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 856E:103-108, 2005.
Mehta, F., and K. Nadella, “Prediction of Density Variation in Thick Microcellular Sheets,” Course Project Report ME 599 VK, Autumn 2003, presented at the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Annual Technical Conference (ANTEC) 2:2610-2614, 2004.
Nadella, K., et al., “Constrained Solid-State Foaming of Microcellular Panels,” Cellular Polymers 24(2):71-90, 2005.
Nadella, K., et al., “Novel Microcellular Plastics for Lightweight and Energy Efficient Building Applications,” in M. Anson et al. (eds.), “Advances in Building Technology,” vol. 1, Elsevier Science Ltd., Hong Kong, 2002, pp. 121-128.
Nadella, K., et al., “Prediction of Density Variation in Thick Microcellular Sheets,” presented at the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Annual Technical Conference (ANTEC), Chicago, May 16-20, 2004.
Nadella, K., et al., “Thick Microcellular Thermoplastic Sheets for Construction and Other Load-Bearing Applications,” Proceedings of Foams Conference, Wilmington, Del., Oct. 2004, 9 pages.
Nawaby, A.V., et al., “Polymer-CO2 Systems Exhibiting Retrograde Behavior and Formation of Nanofoams,” Polymer International 56:67-73, 2007.
Pasricha, A., et al., “Effect of CO2 Sorption and Desorption on the Creep Response of Polycarbonate,” Polymer Engineering and Science 45(12):1639-1644, Oct. 2005.
Rachtanapun, P., et al., “Cell Morphology and Impact Strength of Microcellular Foamed HDPE/PP Blends,” Proceedings of the Society for Plastic Engineers (SPE) Annual Technical Conference (ANTEC), 2003, pp. 1762-1766. also published in Polymer Engineering and Science 44(8):1551-1560, 2004.
Seeler, K., and V. Kumar, “Decoupling the Effects of the Matrix Properties and Foam Structure on the Mechanical Properties of Microcellular Foam by Sub-Tg Annealing,” Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 14:1054-1068, Oct. 1995.
Seeler, K., and V. Kumar, “Effect of CO2 Saturation and Desorption on the Fatigue Life of Polycarbonate,” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 116(4):451-456, Oct. 1994.
Seeler, K.A., and V. Kumar, “Tension-Tension Fatigue of Microcellular Polycarbonate: Initial Results,” Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 12(3):359-376, Mar. 1993.
Szymanski, W.W., “Optical Behavior of Fine Bubbles—Possibility of Real Time Size Characterization,” Journal of Aerosol Science 27(Suppl 1):537-538, Sep. 1996.
Zhang, Z., and Y.P. Handa, “An In Situ Study of Plasticization of Polymers by High-Pressure Gases,” Journal of Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics 36(6):977-982, 1998.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report dated Jan. 9, 2009, in corresponding PCT/US2008/056734, filed Mar. 12, 2008.
Partial International Search Report mailed Oct. 21, 2008, in corresponding PCT/US2008/056730, filed Mar. 12, 2008.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report dated Jan. 9, 2009, in related PCT/US2008/056738, filed Mar. 12, 2008.
Baldwin, D.F., et al., “Microcellular Sheet Extrusion System Process Design Models for Shaping and Cell Growth Control,” Polymer Engineering and Science 38(4):674-688, Apr. 1998.
Barlow, C., et al., “Impact Strength of High Density Solid-State Microcellular Polycarbonate Foams,” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 123(2):229-233, Apr. 2001.
Chatchaisucha, P., and V. Kumar, “Micro and Nano Scale Solid-State PEI Foams,” presented at the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Annual Technical Conference (ANTEC), Charlotte, N.C., May 7-11, 2006.
Doroudiani, S., and M.T. Kortschot, “Polystyrene Foams. II. Structure-Impact Properties Relationships,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 90:1421-1426, 2003.
Hedrick, J.L., et al., “High Temperature Nanofoams Derived From Rigid and Semi-Rigid Polyimides,” Polymer 36(14):2685-2697, 1995.
Hedrick, J.L., et al., “High Tg Polyimide Nanofoams Derived From Pyromellitic Dianhydride and 1,1-Bis(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethane,” Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34:2867-2877, 1996.
Holl, M.R., et al., “A Steady-State Mass Balance Model of the Polycarbonate-CO2 System Reveals a Self-Regulating Cell Growth Mechanism in the Solid-State Microcellular Process,” Journal of Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics 39(8):868-880, Apr. 2001.
Hsiao, S.-H., and T.-L. Huang, “Synthesis and Properties of Poly(ether imide)s Based on a Benzonorbornane Bis(ether anhydride),” Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry 40:1712-1725, 2002.
Juntunen, R.P., et al., “Impact Strength of High Density Microcellular Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Foams,” Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 6(2):93-99, Jun. 2000.
Krause, B., et al., “Bicontinuous Nanoporous Polymers by Carbon Dioxide Foaming,” Macromolecules 34(25):8792-8801, 2001.
Krause, B., et al., “Open Nanoporous Morphologies From Polymeric Blends by Carbon Dioxide Foaming,” Macromolecules 35(5):1738-1745, 2002.
Kumar, V., “Microcellular Plastics: Does Microcellular Structure Always Lead to an Improvement in Impact Properties?” presented at The Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Annual Technical Con

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Bimodal cellular thermoplastic materials does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Bimodal cellular thermoplastic materials, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Bimodal cellular thermoplastic materials will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2719753

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.