Fuel and related compositions – Liquid fuels – Containing organic -c
Patent
1998-02-20
2000-06-06
Medley, Margaret
Fuel and related compositions
Liquid fuels
Containing organic -c
44391, 526318, C10L 122, C10L 114, C08F 832
Patent
active
060713186
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to dual-function additives which make it possible to limit and prevent the sedimentation of paraffins contained in the refining fraction middle distillates of temperature between 150 and 450.degree. C., and to maintain a good dispersion of crystals formed at these temperatures in order to improve the cold-temperature operability properties of these distillates down to temperatures below -10.degree. C. and even below -20.degree. C.
The invention is also directed towards additive compositions for improving the cold-temperature operability and also fuels and combustibles containing the said additive or these additive compositions.
It has long been known that the paraffins present in the middle distillates cause blocking and clogging at low temperatures by crystallization, sedimentation and deposition either during storage of these distillates or during their transportation in tankers, or during running in diesel motors or industrial or domestic boilers. Since the crystallization temperature of paraffins constitutes a limiting factor on the use of these middle distillates, it is common to add something to them in order to adapt them to the temperatures at which they will be used or stored.
Although cold operability temperatures of -10.degree. C. are sufficient in many regions, it is preferable to aim at -20.degree. C. in regions close to the polar circles or during winter.
In the description hereinbelow, the term combustible is used to denote additive-containing middle distillates, these either being motor fuels or fuels for boilers.
Adapting the cold-temperature operability of combustibles is an obligation especially in order to avoid the entrainment of paraffin crystals sedimented at the bottom of the reservoir or tank throughout the circuit, since these crystals hamper the normal circulation of the combustible and cause blocking and clogging, particularly during the cold-start of motors of land vehicles or of boilers connected to an outdoor storage.
In order to improve the cold-temperature operability of these combustibles, industrials have had to develop various additives with a variety of functions in order to lower their flow point, to lower their limit temperature for filterability and especially to limit the sedimentation of paraffin crystals in order to maintain a good dispersion of these crystals in the combustible.
Among the combustible additives derived from middle distillates, it is common to use dual-function additives as described in German patent DE 4,025,586, which combine the functions of filterability additive and additive for dispersing paraffin crystals, these additives resulting from the polymerization of compounds containing vinylaromatic units and unsaturated monocarboxylic acid units, aminated by reaction with a secondary monoamine.
In order to slow down or prevent the sedimentation of paraffin crystals in middle distillates and in order to limit their tendency to become emulsified in the presence of water, GB patent 2,269,824 claims additives obtained by reacting long-chain amines comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms with a carboxylic acid comprising an olefinic double bond and a carbon chain comprising from 17 to 24 carbon atoms in a mixture of solvents, one being non-polar and the other weakly polar.
The present invention is itself directed towards a dual-function anti-sedimentation and dispersion additive obtained by polymerization of two compounds containing carboxylic groups. The invention is aimed, for the Applicant, at substituting a single additive with a dual function for two additives which fulfil each of these two functions separately, in particular such as those mentioned in French patent application 2,710,652. These two additives with anti-sedimentation and dispersion functions, respectively, act in a synergistic manner; in this Application, the anti-sedimentation additive results from the reaction of an aliphatic carboxylic compound with a polyamine, and the dispersant/stabilizing additive is obtained by polymerization of an ester with an u
REFERENCES:
patent: 3308078 (1967-03-01), Rogers et al.
patent: 3340030 (1967-09-01), Gaston et al.
patent: 4474669 (1984-10-01), Lewis
patent: 4664676 (1987-05-01), Denis
Mallet Catherine
Rozier Jean
Elf Antar France
Medley Margaret
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