Planetary gear transmission systems or components – Differential planetary gearing – Bevel gear differential
Patent
1995-03-27
1997-02-11
Ta, Khoi O.
Planetary gear transmission systems or components
Differential planetary gearing
Bevel gear differential
475 84, 475 89, 475 90, F16H 4806, F16H 4820, F16H 4826
Patent
active
056015089
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF ART
The present invention relates to rotary gear transmissions and, more specifically, to bevel gear differential locks.
PRIOR ART
Known in the prior art is a bevel gear differential lock of motor vehicles (A. F. Andreyev et al. "Differentials of Wheeled Vehicles", 1987, "Mashinostroyeniye", Moscow, pp. 85-87). The differential comprises a housing accommodating two bevel gears meshing with each other via two differential pinions mounted on a common shaft, and a lock made integral with the differential housing in the form of a plunger pump disposed between the output shaft and the housing. The housing has radial holes in the form of a block of cylinders with plungers therein. A cam sprocket is mounted on the splines of the output shaft. The plungers are pressed against the cams by springs. A valve device in the plunger has a calibrated hole for the discharge of the compressed fluid. The block of cylinders has inlet holes with valves through which the fluid passes from the differential housing into the cylinder chambers. A special unit ensures a constant supply of fluid into the differential housing. During straight-ahead motion and at equal angular velocities of bevel gears the plunger pump is inoperative. As soon as the wheels start rotating at different angular speeds, the cams run one after another on the plungers which reciprocate and force the fluid through the calibrated holes. The high fluid pressure increases the resistance to rotation from the larger angular gear. The value of said resistance depends on the relative angular velocity of the gear.
The hydraulically-operated differential lock comprises a large set of parts and a number of high-precision access holes which complicates the design of the automotive differential and raises its cost. The worn cylinders of the plunger pumps in the differential housing are hard to repair. Therefore, the differential lock based on the hydraulic resistance principle has not become widely popular.
Also known is a mechanical lock for a bevel gear differential. (A. F. Andreyev et al, "Differentials of Wheeled Vehicles", "Mashinostroyeniye", Moscow pp. 51-54). This differential also comprises a housing with two bevel gears which interact via two differential pinions mounted on a common shaft and the lock proper is made integral with the differential housing and the bevel gears. The lock is made up of friction couplings, each consisting of a set of friction washers disposed between the bearing surfaces of the bevel gears and the housing. The surfaces of the bevel gear extensions and the side surface of the housing cage are provided, respectively, with splines and slots accommodating the friction washers. On changes in the traction forces on the output shafts, the set of the lock friction washers is compressed by the axial forces originated in the meshing teeth of the bevel gears and differential pinions. The increased forces of friction between the bevel gears and the housing lead to locking of the differential.
The above-described lock fails to ensure sufficient locking of the rotating output shafts because of rather weak axial forces occurring to the meshing bevel gears and pinions.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention resides in providing a simple and reliable locking device inserted into the housing of a bevel gear differential without introducing any changes into its design.
This object is accomplished by providing a locking device for the bevel gear differential comprising a housing accommodating two counterposed bevel gears interacting with each other via at least one differential pinion wherein said device, according to the invention, is installed between the counterposed bevel gears on a shaft of its own which serves simultaneously as the pinion shaft and has the form of an insert provided with projections intended for interaction with the teeth of at least one of the two counterposed bevel gears at different angular velocities at which said insert executes reciprocating motion in the plane of the pinion shaf
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patent: 2722140 (1955-11-01), Cabell
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patent: 2817251 (1957-11-01), Stamm
patent: 3049943 (1962-08-01), Frentzel
patent: 3145583 (1964-08-01), Frentzel
patent: 5125876 (1992-06-01), Hirota
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