Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Aluminum containing
Patent
1992-07-21
1993-08-31
Dees, Jose G.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Aluminum containing
556184, 524399, 524400, C07F 506, C07F 304, C08K 509, C08K 504
Patent
active
052410943
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to basic calcium aluminum hydroxide dicarboxylates, a process for their production and their use as stabilizers for halogen-containing, thermoplastic resins, in particular polyvinyl chloride.
Thermoplastic, halogen-containing resins, in particular PVC, are instable to the influence of heat and light. A thermal decomposition of the resin already occurs in the processing of e.g. unstablized PVC. This is manifested in a discolouring of the shaped article and in the deterioration of the mechanical properties. To exclude this disadvantage it is necessary to incorporate heat stabilizers into the resin composition. For this purpose, organic and/or inorganic compounds of the metals lead, barium, cadmium, calcium, tin and zinc are customarily added alone or in combinations. In addition to this, other costabilizers such as epoxides, organic sulphur compounds, polyols and phosphites are still added.
Basic lead compounds are preferably used for stabilizing PVC articles such as tubes, plates, profiles and cable insulations. The most frequently used basic lead compounds are of the sulphate, phosphite or stearate type.
De-PS 12 19 223 and DE-OS 24 19 379 teach that PVC cable insulations can preferably be stabilized with 2-basic lead phthalate, since this compound imparts the cable excellent electric properties.
It is mentioned in EP-A- 0 313 113 that 4-basic lead fumarate is the most effective basic lead compound for stabilizing plasticized, halogen-containing vinyl polymer compositions. According to EP-A-O 319 086 5-basic lead fumarate imparts shaped PVC articles a higher stability and a better degree of whiteness than other known lead stabilizers.
The organic and/or inorganic compounds of the heavy metals lead, barium and cadmium are rated as toxic. For this reason, attempts have been made for a long time to replace them by non-toxic compounds. The stabilizers on the basis of combinations of calcium and zinc carboxylates, which are considered to be non-toxic, are insufficient in their effectiveness in most fields of application. Their disadvantages are manifested in a non-sufficient long-term stability and/or an unsatisfactory initial colour and colour retention. The combination of these metallic soaps with effective costabilizers which improve the initial colour and long-term stability is therefore imperative. It is described in FR-A 2 403 362 to stabilize plasticized PVC for cable insulations with a mixture of calcium zinc fatty acids, sorbite and a .beta.-diketone, EP-A- 0256 872 describes the use of hydrotalcite and a .beta.-diketone for stabilizing PVC resins. Alkali alumino silicates in connection with other costabilizers were also suggested to be used in PVC (DE-A- 31 13 442).
However, all non-toxic stabilizing systems suggested so far have disadvantages as compared with heavy metal containing stabilizers. Mostly, they do not have the necessary long-term stability. A good initial colour and a sufficient colour retention can only be achieved by the use of large amounts of expensive "colour improvers". The metal-containing costabilizers hydrotalcite and zeolite are disadvantageous inasmuch as they split off volatile compounds at the processing temperatures necessary for the processing of e.g. PVC, which leads to bubble formation in the shaped article. Shaped PVC articles stabilized e.g. with polyol and/or zeolite take up water, which leads to considerable problems in the further processing.
The invention is based on the object of providing new compounds and a process for their production, which are especially suited as a stabilizer for halogen-containing polymers without having the aforementioned disadvantages of the known stabilizers, and which are in particular regarded as ton-toxic.
This object is accomplished by the invention, on the one hand, by the provision of basic calcium aluminum hydroxide dicarboxylates of the general formula combinations thereof.
X means preferably 3-6 and m means preferably 2-4 in the aforementioned formula.
The dicarboxylic acid anions indicated with A are e.g.
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Beck Reinhard
Kuerzinger Alfred
Puerzer Albert W.
Razvan Coriolan
Rosenthal Michael
Baerlocher GmbH
Dees Jos,e G.
Nazario Porfirio
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