Foods and beverages: apparatus – Cooking – With other treating or handling of material
Reexamination Certificate
2001-11-02
2003-06-10
Simone, Timothy F. (Department: 1761)
Foods and beverages: apparatus
Cooking
With other treating or handling of material
C099S427000, C099S44300R, C099S450100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06575083
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a baking device for producing endless bands by means of heat from above and heat from below, and to a facility for producing and processing endless bands, having a baking device, which produces the bands by means of heat from above and heat from below, and at least one processing station, arranged downstream of the baking device, for the bands produced by the baking device.
The baking device has a cylindrical baking ring made of metal. The baking ring revolves continuously around its central axis in one direction, and is mounted rotatably outside its central axis in the stationary machine stand of the baking device. The baking ring moves an endless baking surface through a stationary baking zone which is provided with a heating device, which is arranged at a distance above the baking surface and generates heat from above, and extends in the running direction of the baking ring from a feeder device, which applies a pourable baking mass onto the baking surface, as far as a removal device for the at least partially baked band produced on the baking surface from the baking mass.
An earlier baking devices of this type, as described for example in our prior U.S. Pat. No. 5,988,047 and our international PCT publication WO 97/34492, are heated by gas. The revolving baking ring is heated by gas burners or by infrared radiators that are heated by gas, which are arranged successively along its inside and along its outside, convey their heat to the baking ring and to the band resting thereon and formed from the baking mass, and convey their combustion gases to the interior of the casing of the baking device. The combustion gases are discharged upward out of the casing together with the steam which arises during the baking process in the band formed by the baking mass and is emitted from the band into the interior of the casing, and together with the air which is sucked into the casing, mainly at the lower side of the casing. The sucked-in air is firstly needed as combustion air for the operation of the gas burners or gas-heated infrared radiators, and secondly for lowering the temperature in the interior of the casing, the interior being heated by the very hot combustion gases to temperatures in the range of 600° C.-900° C. for example, in accordance with the combustion temperature of the gas used in each case. In order to keep the interior of the casing to a temperature which is clearly below the combustion temperature of the gas used in each case and which corresponds essentially to the baking temperature of the particular band (for example, in the range from 200° C.-250° C.), very large quantities of air exceeding the requirement with regard to combustion air have to be sucked into the casing and discharged again from the casing through its exhaust together with the combustion gases and the steam. For this purpose, a plurality of air inlet openings of relatively large overall cross section are required in the heat-insulating jacket surrounding the interior of the casing, and the exhaust of the casing has to be designed in terms of its exhaust cross section and the suction volume of its discharge fan to handle a very large volume of gas which is composed of the volume of the sucked-in air and of the volumes of combustion gases and steam which arise in the interior of the casing. In the known baking device, the revolving baking ring can be surrounded by a heat-insulating, essentially C-shaped casing jacket which, by means of its recess projecting into the interior of the baking ring, reduces the volume of the casing which is heated by the combustion gases and has to be cooled down by the admixture of air. In the known baking device, two or more baking zones may in each case be arranged laterally next to one another on the inside and on the outside of the baking ring, so that four or more bands formed in each case from baking mass are baked simultaneously on the baking ring, the bands conveying the steam arising in them during the baking process to the interior of the casing, and, as a result, increasing the volume of gas to be discharged from the casing.
In the food and confectionery industry, baking devices that are heated by gas are generally used for producing endless bands of pourable baking masses or baking doughs, such as liquid wafer dough. The devices are provided with a rotating baking drum comprising a central, horizontally arranged hub, a circular, vertically arranged supporting disk connected integrally to the hub, and an outer, cylindrical drum jacket which is connected integrally to the supporting disk and on whose outer jacket surface an endless band is baked. The band is removed from the drum jacket and passed to a processing station immediately adjacent to the baking drum and processed in the station. The baking drum, which is driven via its central hub mounted rotatably in the machine stand, is heated by gas burners or by infrared radiators heated by gas, which are arranged along the outside and the inside of the drum jacket and along the supporting disk, in order to bake the endless band resting on the outside of the drum jacket and to protect the supporting disk from cracks due to thermal stress, which cracks would occur, if the supporting disk were not heated, due to the high temperature differences between the heated drum jacket and the unheated supporting disk.
A baking device of this type having a baking drum heated by gas is used in an installation as it is disclosed in our earlier, commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,795,607 and international PCT publication WO 95/32630. The process and device for producing rolled wafer cones first produces an endless wafer band which is pliable when warm and, when warm, is divided in a band-processing device into individual fan-shaped wafer pieces which are rolled into wafer cones in a downstream rolling device.
In an installation disclosed in Austrian Patent No. 380 151, a thin wafer band which is pliable when warm is produced on the baking drum and in the downstream band-processing device is folded together in its longitudinal direction, or transversely thereto, into an endless, two-layered or multi-layered, laminated baked band which is further processed, while pliable, in a further, downstream band-processing device.
In an installation disclosed in European published application EP 0 211 353, an endless wafer band which is pliable when warm is produced on the baking drum and, in the downstream band-processing device, is divided into individual wafer leaves which are further processed individually, while pliable, in a further, downstream processing device.
In a baking device disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,829,593, an endless, soft band of dough which is not fully baked is produced on the baking drum and, immediately after being produced, is rolled onto a storage roll. This band of dough, which is still soft and flexible even after cooling down to room temperature, is the starting product for the dough envelopes of Chinese spring rolls which are produced by a soft filling being wrapped up several times in a rectangular leaf of dough cut out from the band of dough before the spring roll thus produced is deep-fried until the dough envelope is crispy and brown.
An installation disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,946,656 and German published patent application DE 24 35 110 is configured for producing prefabricated, Chinese spring rolls. There, a soft band of dough which remains soft even at room temperature is produced on a baking drum and, in a processing device arranged at a distance from the baking drum, is divided into individual, square pieces of dough which are each further processed to form a prefabricated spring roll. In the processing device, a pre-cooked filling mass is applied onto a piece of dough and the piece of dough is folded around the filling mass to form a dough envelope enclosing the latter, and is rolled up. Baking devices having a rotating baking drum which is arranged upright, is driven via its horizontal central hub and is heated along its d
Haas Franz
Haas Johann
Koletnik Erich
Franz Haas Waffelmaschinen Industrie Aktiengesellschaft
Greenberg Laurence A.
Locher Ralph E.
Simone Timothy F.
Stemer Werner H.
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