Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution... – Containing or obtained from eucalypti
Reexamination Certificate
2000-09-11
2002-03-05
Lilling, Herbert J. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
Containing or obtained from eucalypti
C047S057600, C424S404000, C424S439000, C424S442000, C424S443000, C424S078070, C426S270000, C426S298000, C426S309000, C426S310000, C426S332000, C426S335000, C504S100000, C504S101000, C514S055000, C514S859000, C514S865000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06352727
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a bactericide (and a fungicide) originated from natural products. More specifically, the present invention relates to a bactericide (and a fungicide) containing an extract obtained by extraction from leaves of eucalyptus plants into a polar organic solvent and chitosan, or a bactericide (and a fungicide) containing glycerol fatty acid ester in addition to the above-mentioned components, which has strong and persistent bactericidal (or fungicidal) power and high safety.
The bactericide (and a fungicide) of the present invention can be used at home, restaurants, medical facilities, old-age homes, abattoir facilities, cattle sheds, chicken houses, and the like. Particularly, the present invention is useful as a bactericide (and a fungicide) for preventing an acne, athlete's foot.
BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY
There are about six hundred species of eucalyptus plants, of which an essential oil or an ethanol extract or the like are used as pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, food additives and perfumery, such as pharmaceuticals for asthma, preservatives, aromatic substances (Hiroyuki Nishimura, “Mirai no Seibutsu Shigen Yukari”, 1987). It has been reported that cineole that is a major component of eucalyptus essential oil has an effect as antiseptics, or enhances an effect of antibacterial substance (bisbiguanide compound) (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) publication No. Sho 62-289511). It has been reported that grandinol isolated from an organic solvent extract of
Eucalyptus perriniana
(Agric. Biol. Chem., 54, 1, 231, 1990) and Macrocarpal-A isolated from
Eucalyptus macrocarpa
(Agric. Biol. Chem., 54, 12, 3221) have antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus aureus
and
Bacillus subtilis.
Chitosan is a compound produced by deacetylating chitin contained in a carapace of a crab or the like, and is also used as a food additive. It has been reported that chitosan has an antibacterial activity against Fusarium,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis
or the like (Experimental Mycology 8, 276, 1984, Food chemical 2, 22, 1988).
There have been reported examples of a synergy effect achieved by mixing two or more of antibacterial components, such as rifampicin and chitosan (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No.59-46208), sulfonamides and chitosan (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No.59-46223), chitosan and ascorbic acid (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No. 2-35065), organic solvent extract of eucalyptus (species is not known) and Sodium alkyl sulfate (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No.58-39615). However, there has not been reported a combination of eucalyptus and chitosan. There have been reported a combination of an extract of eucalyptus and chitosan for a preservative for a flower (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No.4-316506), pesticide for plants (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) No.7-033602). However, there has not been reported a synergy effect of antibacterial activity achieved by such a combination.
Acne is caused by propagation of
Propionibacterium acnes
present in sebaceous crypt. Athlete's foot is caused by infection with
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
. Accordingly, if
Propionibacterium acnes
and
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
can be sterilized efficiently, an acne and athlete's foot can be prevented.
Recently, hospital acquired infection caused by pathogenic bacterium such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
), VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus) or the like has been increased at medical facilities and old-age homes. Accordingly, it is an urgent subject to sterilize this pathogenic bacterium efficiently.
In an abattoir, there is a problem of contamination of apparatuses (a mincing machine, a silent cutter, a slicer, mixer, filler, a meat dehydration machine or the like) and facilities for processing meat with food poisoning bacterium such as
Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus
or the like.
In a conventional abattoir, sodium hypochlorite is used as a bactericide during a sterilizing process of meat. Namely, meat such as carcass (dressed carcass) is immersed in a solution of sodium hypochlorite for a certain time. However, according to the method, there is caused a chemical reaction of sodium hypochlorite and proteins in meat or gravy seeping from meat, resulting in lowering or vanishment of a bactericidal effect. Furthermore, there is a problem of safety for a human body of reaction products of sodium hypochlorite adhering to meat.
For the above-mentioned reasons, there has been requested a bactericide that has a bactericidal power that is not lowered during sterilization of meat, high safety for a human body, and a long lasting bactericidal power. Such a bactericide will keep meat fresh for a long time, and make it possible to decrease or prevent degradation of products in transit.
Furthermore, prevention of contamination in an abattoir can also be achieved by reducing contamination of livestock itself with pathogenic bacteria or fungus. One of the methods comprises sterilization of a cattle shed.
Escherichia coli
that is especially problematic, lives in livestock such as cattle, sheep, pig or the like. Especially, a cattle is contaminated at higher rate. Furthermore,
Salmonella enteritidis
is also problematic, spreading through chickens or eggs of hens. For example, if a cattle shed is contaminated with pathogenic microbe, contamination may be enlarged through livestock or hands of people who touch the livestock or the like in a cattle shed. Accordingly, it is also important to sterilize a cattle shed in order to prevent pathogenic microbe efficiently.
In stockyard for cattle, pig, chicken or the like, there occur problems such as contamination of fodder with bacteria, propagation of the bacteria in fodder or the like. If fodder is contaminated with bacteria, not only it is harmful for animals, but also contamination may be enlarged through excrementum of the animal as a source of contamination. Conventionally, fodder to which antibiotics were added were invented in order to hasten growth of animals. However, there are problems of appearance of resistant bacterium or residual antibiotics, and thus use of antibiotics is now restricted. Antibiotics are used also for fish to prevent or treat infection of pathogenic bacterium, and it is also problematic.
Recently, incidence of food poison, especially those caused by salmonella, has been increased year by year, in eggs of hen or processed foods of eggs. It is possible to decrease or prevent the contamination by sterilizing shell of eggs.
It is reported that urea-splitting bacterium is relevant to diaper rash. Accordingly, it is assumed that diaper rash can be decreased or prevented by mixing bactericide (or a fungicide) into a diaper.
As bactericides against various bacteria mentioned above, there are used alcohol, synthetic bactericides, chloric agent such as sodium hypochlorite or the like. Alcohol has a problem of insufficient persistency of bactericidal power. Synthetic bactericides and chloric agents have problem of a lack of safety for a human body. Highly safe bactericides against the above-mentioned pathogenic microbe are requested, since they may be in contact with skin of human or animals, or orally ingested.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bactericide (and a fungicide) that is highly safe and has strong bactericidal power against the above-mentioned pathogenic microbe even when used in low concentration, which is not reduced during a sterilizing process of meat, and that can be used repeatedly in a sterilizing process.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The inventors of the present invention have found that a bactericide (and a fungicide) containing a polar organic solvent extract of eucalyptus and chitosan has a strong bactericidal (or fungicidal) power in low concentration due to a
Lilling Herbert J.
Oji Paper Co. Ltd.
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