Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – per se ; compositions thereof; proces of... – Bacteria or actinomycetales; media therefor
Patent
1992-11-17
1995-11-14
Fox, David T.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, per se ; compositions thereof; proces of...
Bacteria or actinomycetales; media therefor
4351723, 43525231, 4352525, 424 932, 424 93461, 536 237, C12N 121, A01N 6300, C07H 1700
Patent
active
054665973
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to two new strains of B. thuringiensis (the "BtI109P strain" and the "BtI260 strain"), each of which produces crystallized proteins (the "BtI109P crystal proteins" and the "BtI260 crystal proteins", respectively) which are packaged in crystals (the "BtI109P crystals" and the "BtI260 crystals", respectively) during sporulation. The BtI109P and BtI260 strains were deposited under the provisions of the Budapest Treaty at the Deutsche Sammlung Fur Mikroorganismen and Zellkulturen ("DSM"), Mascheroder Weg lB, D-3300 Braunschwe ig, Federal Republic of Germany, under accession numbers 5870 and 5871, respectively, on Apr. 4, 1990.
This invention also relates to an insecticide composition that is active against Coleoptera and that comprises the BtI109P or BtI260 strain, as such, or preferably the BtI109P or BtI260 crystals, crystal proteins or the active component(s) thereof as an active ingredient. an insecticidal protein (the "BtI109P protoxin") that is found in the BtI109P crystals; and an insecticidal protein (the "BtI260 protoxin") that is found in the BtI260 crystals.
The BtI109P and BtI260 protoxins are the proteins that are produced by their respective BtI109P and BtI260 strains before being packaged into their respective BtI109P and BtI260 crystals.
This invention still further relates to the "BtI109P toxin" and the "BtI260 toxin" which can be obtained (e.g., by trypsin digestion) from the BtI109P protoxin and the BtI260 protoxin, respectively. The BtI109P and BtI260 toxins are insecticidally active proteins which can be liberated from the BtI109P crystals and the BtI260 crystals, respectively, produced by the BtI109P strain and the BtI260 strain, respectively. Each toxin has a high activity against Coleoptera. The BtI109P and BtI260 toxins are believed to represent the smallest portions of their respective BtI109P and BtI260 proteins which are insecticidally effective against Coleoptera.
This invention yet further relates to a chimaeric gene that can be used to transform a plant cell and that contains: btI109P or btI260 gene part) encoding an insectidicidally effective portion of the respective BtI109P or BtI260 protoxin, preferably a truncated part of the btI109P or btI260 gene (the "truncated btI109P or btI260 gene") encoding just the respective BtI109P or BtI260 toxin; btI109P or btI260 gene part in a plant cell; and expressing the insecticidally effective btI109P or btI260 gene part in a plant cell.
This chimaeric gene is hereinafter generally referred to as the "btI109p or btI260 chimaeric gene." Preferably, the insecticidally effective btI109P or btI260 gene part is present in the btI109P or btI260 chimaeric gene as a hybrid gene comprising a fusion of the truncated btI109P or btI260 gene and a selectable marker gene, such as the neogene (the "btI109P-neo or btI260-neo hybrid gene") encoding a BtI109P-NPTII or BtI260-NPTII fusion protein.
This invention also relates to: corn, the nuclear genome of which is transformed with the insecticidally effective btI109P or btI260 gene part; and transformed plant cell or is produced from the so-regenerated plant, the nuclear genome of which contains the insecticidally effective btI109P or btI260 gene part and which is resistant to Coleoptera.
This invention still further relates to a B. thuringiensis ("Bt") strain transformed, preferably by electroporation, with a vector-carrying all or part of the btI109P or btI260 gene.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
B. thuringiensis ("Bt") is a gram-positive bacterium which produces endogenous crystals upon sporulation. The crystals are composed of proteins which are specifically toxic against insect larvae. Three different Bt pathotypes have been-described: pathotype A that is active against Lepidoptera, e.g., caterpillars; pathotype B that is active against certain Diptera, e.g., mosquitos and black flies; and pathotype C that is active against Coleoptera, e.g., beetles (Ellar st al, 1986).
A Bt strain, whose crystals are toxic to Coleoptera, has been described as Bt tenebrionis (U.S. Pat. No. 4,766,
REFERENCES:
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 109, No. 5, Aug. 1, 1988, "Insect Resistance in Transgenic Plants Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Genes", p. 176, Abstract No. 33142v.
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 109, No. 17, Oct. 24, 1988, "Engineering of Insect Resistant Plants Using a B. thuringiensis Gene", pp. 211-212, Abstract No. 143900y.
Crichmore et al (1990) Biochem J. 270: 133-136.
Sich et al (1990) Nucleic Acids Res. 18 (5): 1305.
Hofte et al (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. 15 (17): 7183.
Perlak et al. (1991) Proc Natl Acad. Sci USA 88: 3324-3328.
Hofte et al (1989) Microbiological Reviews 53:242-255.
Lambert Bart
Peferoen Marnix
Van Audenhove Katrien
Fox David T.
McElwain E. F.
Plant Genetic Systems N.V.
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