Azeotropic nitration of benzene

Details Azeotropic nitration of benzene Azeotropic nitration of benzene

1975-12-10

1976-09-21

Sebastian, Leland A.

Chemistry of carbon compounds

Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds

C-metal

C07C 7910

Patent

active

039819353

ABSTRACT:
A duplex process for the mononitration of benzene wherein the nitration is carried out in an azeotropic first stage followed by a lower temperature, mixed-acid second stage. The azeotropic stage uses reaction temperatures of at least 120.degree.C in mixed HNO.sub.3 --H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, and excess water is carried overhead as an azeotrope with part of the benzene and is then decanted from the benzene. The nitrated benzene is removed as bottoms and decanted from the acid phase, avoiding the necessity of reconcentrating the H.sub.2 SO.sub.4. Both the nitrated benzene bottoms and the organic, benzene-containing part of the overhead stream are supplied to the second stage for completing the conversion into mononitrobenzene in mixed acid at lower temperatures such as 70.degree.C.

REFERENCES:
urbanski, Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, vol. 1, The MacMillan Co., New York, 1964, pp. 232 to 233.

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