Axoid force mechanism

Details Axoid force mechanism Axoid force mechanism

1999-01-22

2000-11-07

Fenstermacher, David

Machine element or mechanism

Mechanical movements

Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating

74 63, F16H 2116

Patent

active

061420298

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to machinery and, more particularly to mechanisms for transformation of force and speed parameters of progressive and rotary movements.
Lever mechanisms raising forces within one work cycle and transforming progressive and rotary movements are widely used (see Artobolevsky I. I., "Theory of Machines and Mechanisms", Moscow: "Science", 1975).
There exists the lever mechanism (Artobolevsky I. I., "The mechanisms in modern technique," Moscow: "Science", vol. 2, 1979, p. 15, example 872), consisting of an intermediate member with two end elements for progressive movements. Forces on the end element, speed of movement thereof and angular velocity of the intermediate member in such a mechanism are defined by following formulas: are speeds thereof respectively; .alpha..sub.2 .alpha..sub.1 are angles between the plane containing the geometric axes of supporting surfaces of the end elements and directions of the end element movement; .DELTA.P is a reduction of force due to friction; and .omega. is a angular velocity of the intermediate member.
In such mechanisms the forces acting on the end elements may be balanced by torque acting on the intermediate member in accordance with formula: torque due to friction, and other symbols are as defined above.
Such a mechanism can be used for mutual transformation of progressive and rotative movements with respective transformation of forces and torques.
Without taking into consideration loss due to friction, the force on one of the end elements may be unlimitedly great while the mechanism is in a certain position, whereas the force on the other end element or torque on the intermediate member is limited.
However sliding of loaded supporting surfaces causes intensive wear-and-tear, expenses to maintain reliability, and substantial reduction of the force capability of such mechanism. These deficiencies cause the use of antifriction materials, compound lubricating systems and ball or roller bearings. But the supporting surfaces continue to be the most vulnerable parts of such mechanisms.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore an object of this invention is to reduce the losses and to raise force and speed capabilities of such a mechanism for transformation of progressive and rotary movement by elimination of sliding friction.
Elimination of sliding friction is provided by supporting surfaces that roll on each other without slipping when the end elements make progressive movements. For this the axis of mutual turning of the prior end element and the intermediate member is replaced by a line of contact between supporting surfaces.
We have named this mechanism "Axoid Force Mechanism" (hereinafter AFM).
In the connections of the AFM slipping is theoretically eliminated. Therefore wear-and-tear, loss of power, and sensibility to lubrication are substantially reduced. Force capacity and endurance are increased as a result of the use of materials with high contact endurance for which antifriction properties are no longer essential.
The intermediate member can consist of several contact elements, which may be placed either in parallel or in succession.
It is necessary that the number of contact elements and radiuses of a supporting axoids curvature in the each succession thereof meet the following formula for the end elements not to slip in supporting the progressive movement, including the end elements: ##EQU1## wherein: k is number of contact elements in that succession; .rho..sub.(2j-1), .rho..sub.(2j) are curvature radiuses of the supporting axoids in the area of j-th contact.
Circular cylinder supporting surfaces are most preferable for the end elements and intermediate member.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a front elevational schematic view of a first embodiment in a position where forces on end elements are approximately equal.
FIG. 2 is a front elevational schematic view of a second embodiment in a position where forces on end elements are approximately equal.
FIG. 3 is a front elevational schematic view of a thi

REFERENCES:
patent: 3916700 (1975-11-01), Adolfsson
patent: 4034613 (1977-07-01), Halfhill et al.
English Abstract of SU 1222948 of Apr. 1986.
English Abstract of SU 1067267 of Jan. 1984.
English Abstract of SU 815366 of Mar. 1981.

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