Land vehicles – Skates – Ball type roller skates
Patent
1988-12-07
1991-06-18
Marmor, Charles A.
Land vehicles
Skates
Ball type roller skates
280 612, 280708, 267 6413, 267 6426, B60G 1126, B60G 1162
Patent
active
050244655
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to the field of vehicle technology and to an axle suspension.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In heavy vehicles such as fire engines, mobile cranes, special vehicles, heavy military vehicles, etc. it has hitherto been conventional practice to construct the suspension and the so-called terrain compensation for travelling over ground unevennesses using heavy leaf springs or leaf spring sets. It is advantageous in such a relatively simple suspension system that the longitudinal and transverse guidance of the axles is, so-to-speak, integrated free into the system. The heavy leaf spring sets are also able to absorb the often powerful rotary forces on the axle body occurring on braking and starting with a heavy vehicle.
However, disadvantages exist because such leaf spring sets are heavy, have a relatively small spring displacement and their elasticity decreases relatively rapidly. In addition, leaf spring systems cannot be switched over for the extreme operating conditions of empty weight on the one hand and heavy (maximum) loading on the other.
In addition, in the case of a leaf spring system neither a vertical adjustment of the vehicle, nor a slope compensation can be incorporated. The leaf spring elements require too much space on installation and reduce the obliquity of the wheels on the guided axles. Leaf spring systems also have a prejudicial effect on the headroom of a vehicle, i.e. the latter or the height of its loading surfaces necessarily become too high and this leads to serious disadvantages, such as the risk of tilting through the also high centre of gravity.
Attempts have been made to obviate these disadvantages by a number of measures, such as single wheel suspensions, etc. However, single wheel suspensions have proved unsuccessful for heavy vehicles, because very large forces occur on the wheels (force transmission and braking), which cannot easily be absorbed. Usually there is also not adequate space between the wheels, the axles and on the vehicle body to permit the fitting of such mechanisms with the necessary dimensions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to obviate the aforementioned disadvantages. It is a further object of the invention to provide an axle suspension, which simultaneously permits slope compensation for the vehicle.
Briefly described, the invention comprises an axle suspension forming the suspension connection between an axle housing and the chassis of a heavy or special vehicle having a longitudinal axis. At least two mounting tubes are fixedly attached to the vehicle chassis and a telescopic assembly is operatively associated with each of the mounting tubes. Each telescopic assembly comprises a jacket tube enclosed in the mounting tube, a layer of resilient, elastic material between and in contact with the jacket tube and the mounting tube and a telescopic tube axially displaceable within said jacket tube. At one end of the telescopic tube is a working piston slidable within the jacket tube, and a pivot connection is at the other end of the telescopic tube connected to the axle housing such that the housing is pivotable only about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter relative to non-limitative embodiments and the attached drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevation of an axle carrying the wheels and which is detachably connected to the telescopic assemblies on which the vehicle frame is carried by joint bolts;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation, in section, of a first embodiment of a telescopic assembly in accordance with the invention with integrated oleo-pneumatic or gas suspension;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a hydraulic spring accumulator, as used in conjunction with the invention;
FIG. 4 is a front elevation, in section, of a further embodiment of a telescopic assembly, in which the telescopic tube functions as a so-called plunger piston;
FIG. 5 is a front elevation, in section, of the apparatus
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patent: 4152004 (1979-05-01), Schroder
patent: 4491338 (1985-01-01), Sheldrake
patent: 4807860 (1989-02-01), Simons
patent: 4859006 (1989-08-01), Philippe et al.
Farley Walter C.
Finlay T.
Marmor Charles A.
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