Land vehicles – Wheeled – Running gear
Patent
1994-03-02
1996-02-20
Culbreth, Eric D.
Land vehicles
Wheeled
Running gear
180 2401, 280 86, 280718, B60G 900
Patent
active
054923514
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an axle and bogie construction for a vehicle and, in particular, for lorries and trailers.
Rigid steering axles are used in especially heavy transports with twin wheels, as there are typically more than two such axles and as the turning radius of the vehicle is inadequate without steering. Rigid axles are used because of the heavy load and simple construction. It is also crucial that the load is evenly distributed on all axles in uneven terrain.
It is customary to use twin wheels supported by separate springs, in which case the construction meets both the turning and load distribution requirements.
It is also possible to use axles journalled fixedly to the frame by means of a turntable. The turning requirements are thereby met, whereas the load distribution requirements will not be fulfilled if there are several axles, since the support springs of the axles used in connection with the turntable are not interconnected.
Further, various load distribution arrangements comprising a number of trailers are known. A problem therewith is the poor manageability of the combinations.
It is also known to use twin wheels each supported by separate springs and each having a separate turntable and wheels that turn easily even through 180.degree. . In this case, however, the wheels cannot be driven mechanically, wherefore hydraulic motors are used in most cases. This solution is both complicated and expensive.
Finnish patent application No. 901498 discloses an axle arranged to be turned by affecting the position of the longitudinal supports of the axle and the suspension rods of the springs. These arrangements succeed well in fulfilling the requirements set for the control of the turning behaviour of the axle, the distribution of the load and the interaction between successive axles in multiple-axle bogie constructions. In this construction, however, no long springs or other long support means can be used, because the support means turn together with the axles, and only relatively short support means have sufficient turning space. Owing to short support means, on the other hand, all components relating to axle suspension have to be disposed crampedly close to one another.
The object of the present invention is to resolve the above-mentioned problem and produce an advantageous effect on the loading of the components. This object is achieved by means of the axle construction of the invention.
This construction makes it possible that the support means or springs always remain parallel with the chassis frame of the vehicle, which thus enables the use of support means or springs of a desired length.
The bogie may comprise, and it normally does, more than two axles, and some of the axles may be dead, i.e. not steering. In general, at least one axle is a dead axle. At least the following alternatives are obvious: is used and the support means of the dead axle is supported at one end to the equaliser lever by means of a suspension rod, its other end being supported to the chassis frame in the same or another manner. dead axle may be positioned at either end of the bogie, whereby the situation is the same as above, except that the equaliser lever is used between the steering axles, or as the middle axle of the bogie, whereby the dead axle is sprung to both steering axles by means of equaliser levers. suspension rods are secured at the lower end to the points of attachment of the chassis frame. This alternative is not a bogie construction even though the axle support and control of the invention are utilised.
It is to be understood that other alternatives can be realised by means of the bogie arrangement of the invention as well.
In the following the invention will be described in greater detail by means of two specific embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, where
FIG. 1a is a side view of a bogie construction of the invention;
FIG. 1b is a top view of the construction of FIG. 1a;
FIG. 1c is a rear view of the construction of FIG. 1a;
FIG. 2a is a side view of the construction of the preceding
REFERENCES:
patent: 915733 (1909-03-01), Brillie
patent: 2732220 (1956-01-01), Ward
patent: 4804205 (1989-02-01), Parsons
patent: 5255754 (1993-10-01), Lauronen
Culbreth Eric D.
OY Sisu-Auto AB
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