Motor vehicles – Special wheel base – Five or more wheels
Patent
1992-09-01
1993-10-26
Tyson, Karin L.
Motor vehicles
Special wheel base
Five or more wheels
280 816, 280682, B60G 900, B60G 1110, B62D 1300
Patent
active
052557545
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to axle and boggie constructions for a commercial vehicle, especially for a lorry.
Steering twin wheel axles are used with especially heavy transports, in which it is necessary that one or some of the axles provided with twin wheels are steerable, as there are typically more than two such axles and as the turning radius of the lorry is inadequate without steering. Twin wheels in turn are used because of the heavy load. It is also important that the load is distributed evenly on all axles in uneven terrain.
It is customary to use twin wheels supported by separate springs, in which case the construction meets both the turning and load distribution requirements.
It is also possible to use axles journalled fixedly to the frame by means of a turntable. The turning requirements are thereby met, whereas the load distribution requirements will not be fulfilled in cases where there are several axles, as the support springs of the axles used in connection with the turntable are not interconnected.
Moreover, various load distribution arrangements comprising a number of trailers are known. A problem therewith is the poor manageability.
It is also known to use twin wheels each supported by separate springs and each having a separate turntable and wheels that turn easily even through 180.degree.. In this case, however, the wheels cannot be driven mechanically, wherefore hydraulic motors are used in most cases. This arrangement is both complicated and expensive.
In addition, DE Offenlegungsschrift 2 147 696 discloses an axle construction suitable for a commercial vehicle in which the axle is arranged to be turned by affecting the position of the longitudinal supports of the axle. This prior art construction, however, does not solve the problems associated with the control of the turning behaviour of the axle and the interaction between successive axles in boggie constructions comprising several axles.
The object of the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned above in such a way that the requirements concerning the controllability of the turning of the axle and the load distribution will be met. This object is achieved by means of the axle constructions of the invention, which are characterized by at least one spring mounted axle with wheels, triangular and longitudinal supports and rod-secured pivoting means.
This way of supporting the springs has a stabilizing effect on the steering. If the axle is turned, the suspension rods are shifted from their vertical position and the chassis frame of the vehicle rises. An aligning moment thereby acts on the axle, tending to turn the axle into the straight position. The use of steering longitudinal supports enables sufficient turning, so that a normal stiff axle or even a driving axle can be used as a turning axle.
In the case of two or more successive axles, the distribution of load between the axles is accomplished, irrespective of the position of the turning axle, by interconnecting the springs of the axles by means of equalizer levers.
With two or more successive axles, it is to be preferred that the successive axles are both supported by a triangular support and longitudinal supports, irrespective of whether the longitudinal supports are attached directly to the chassis frame or not, because the axles are thereby not able to pivot, so that the load will not be shifted from one axle to another if a change in the force acting between the wheel and the ground tends to create such a shift.
In a steering drive boggie the drive of the turning axle can also be realized traditionally mechanically and by means of a cardan shaft, which is a preferred solution.
The steering of the steering axle may form part of the normal steering mechanism of the vehicle, being operably connected thereto, or the steering axle can be steered separately. The steering mechanism itself may, of course, be power assisted, as is often the case, and it may comprise one or more circuits.
There are many alternative ways of supporting the axle, and it is possible to use all comb
REFERENCES:
patent: 915733 (1909-03-01), Brillie
patent: 2089607 (1937-08-01), Hill
patent: 2788224 (1957-04-01), Ramun
OY Sisu-Auto AB
Tyson Karin L.
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