Electricity: motive power systems – Plural diverse motor controls – Motor-reversing
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-26
2003-04-29
Ro, Bentsu (Department: 2837)
Electricity: motive power systems
Plural diverse motor controls
Motor-reversing
C318S286000, C318S466000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06555978
ABSTRACT:
The conventional systems of operating, for instance, the windows of a car or the sliding roof of a car includes tipically an electric motor that operates the pulley and the cables of the operating assembly of the glass or electric window, forcing the glass to go up or down sliding by the interior of the corresponding guides and joints installed in the door or frame of the car.
Said systems usually carry the so-called anti-pinching systems, which consist in control means that normally act on the electric motor of the operating system when there is detected any eventual blocking of the glass of the window or sliding roof of the car.
There exist anti-pinching systems, so-called direct electronic anti-pinching systems, that may be applied to electric window, sliding roof or the like devices, essentially based in mounting a coating at the interior portion of the frame of the window of a car, provided with an optical fibre conductor. When the glass raises and finds an obstacle between the upper edge of same and the window's frame, for instance, the hand of a person, the glass press the obstacle against the coating of the frame. When this happens, the flux of ligth circulating by the optical fibre conductor is modified, in such a way that a signal is sent to control means that compare same with certain pre-estabilished reference values. This brings the stopping and reversion of the sense of advancement of the glass in its rise allowing the obstacle's liberation.
The object of the present invention consists in arranging improvements applicable to the indirect anti-pinching systems, i.e.; these that analize and control the operation of the motor. Said analysis is made in such a way that any change on predetermined anticipated values for predetermined situations is interpreted by the system as a possible pinching or anomaly of the normal operation of the system.
Generally speaking, an anti-pinching system according to the present invention comprises means for the control of the operation of the motor operating the window or the sliding roof of a car which are activated when detecting any variation in the normal operation of the system.
The improvements introduced in said anti-pinching system consist in that the said anti-pinching system is formed by a motor module, a reduction module and an electronic control module, being comprised said motor module by a motor with n poles. More precisely, the motor module is formed by a motor of at least eight poles. The electronic module is made up by Hall sensors intended for regulating the motor speed, sending a number of pulses for each turn of the motor. Said control means operate on said motor module either as a function of the turning speed of the motor itself or as a function of the intensity of the circulating current, stopping its operation and/or reversing the turning direction.
Said improvements offer a sure and efficient anti-pinching system, capable of satisfying the every time more stringent international standars relative to the automobile and to their user's safety, which require that the sensitivity of these systems is to be greater every day. With the improvements of the present invention these goals are achieved and, at the same time, it is possible to foresee and detect correctly any type of anomalous siuation of the system's operation.
In that sense, the improvements introduced on the indirect anti-pinching system object of the present invention provided with Hall sensors permit satisfying standards such as the american standard FMVSS118 which require a higher sensitivity of the system. The tests made in the United States with regard to such standard are made with a spring that shows a value of rigidity constant of:
k=
65*
N
/mm
corresponding to a value 6.5 times greater that the value of the spring's constant used in Europe for the same test, which implies that in Europe there is admited a softer spring than the used for the tests of the american standard, which is satisfied, in the other hand, by the system object of the present invention.
As it has been specified above, one of the improvements introduced in the present invention is the design of the motors of at least eight poles instead of the four poles of the earlier art. The number of poles, for instance eight, is a function of the desired precision, which is determined by the following equation:
(
x
lec)=(
d
t0
*&pgr;)/(1/
r*n/
2)
where (x) is the vertical distance of the glass lecture, (nlec) the number of lectures, (d
t0
) the diameter of the drum of the electric window, (r) the gear's relation and (n) the pole's number. In this way, for an electric window with a drum of d
t0
=50 mm and a gear relation R=1/73, it happens that for an eight poles motor there is obtained a lectures' resolution of every 0.54 mm, instead of every 1 mm as happens in the case of the conventional electric motors of four poles. Thus, every true of the motor shaft corresponds to 4 pulses of the Hall sensor and is approximately equal to a travel of 1.6 mm of the glass. In this way, the detection of a pinching is made every 0.54 mm of travel of the glass. The Hall sensors installed are of a type at 0°, instead of the conventional systems which furnish same with 180°.
According to the invention, the electronic module of the anti-pinching system includes a circuit provided with a transistor with a field effect of insulated door, a relay, a programmable microprocesor, condensers in a multi-layer plate and an EEPROM programmable memory which is able to compensate the mechanical effects produced by the mechanical deformation of the system by storing a new value for every cycle of stoppage of the window, which actualizes the anterior run of the upper and lower stoppage value.
The transistor of field effect of insulated door or of a metal-semiconductor oxide field of n type (MOSFET) is a tension component controlled by an entry and exit impedances very high (up to &OHgr;
4
). Said component includes a substrate in which are diffused two identical regions which are named source or fountain and drain, which are defined by two Ohmic contacts insulated from the substrate by diodes. The conductive way between the fountain and the source is called channel. The door is formed covering the region existing between the drain and the source with a coat of silicium dioxide over which is placed a metal plate. The tension applied determines which type n zone furnishes the electrons and is converted in the fountain whilst the other type n regiuon collects the electrons and is converted in the drain. The MOSFET works basically with a positive potential between the door and the source above named. This type of operation is named enriched operation. When the source is of the positive type, there is induced a type n channel between the source and the drain. An increase in the tension of the door increases the conductivity of the channel increasing therefore the current. In this way, the current between the drain and the source is modulated by the tension between the door and the source. The increases of the tension of the drain do not produce a proportional increase of the drain current, being same proportional to the variations of the door's tension. The electrons' flux from the fountain towards the drain is controlled by the voltage applied to the door. A positive voltage applied to the door lures the electrons towards the contact zone between the dielectric of the door and the semiconductor, which form a conduction channel between the fountain and the drain called inversion coat. The net result is that the current between the drain and the fountain is controlled by the voltage applied to the door.
A minimum requirement for the amplification of electric signs is the energy gain. It has been found that a device with tension and current gain is a very desirable circuit element. The MOSFET provides tension and current gains with an output performance towards an exterior charge exceeding the entry current and an exit tension through the exterior
Ostrolenk Faber Gerb & Soffen, LLP
Ro Bentsu
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