Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Cardiovascular
Patent
1996-01-22
1998-12-01
Nasser, Robert L.
Surgery
Diagnostic testing
Cardiovascular
606202, 600499, 600492, A61B 500
Patent
active
058429964
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for regulating tourniquet pressure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
State of the art tourniquet systems are described in the following United States patents:
U.S. Pat. No. 4,106,002 to Hogue, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,929 to Lemelson et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,469,099 to McEwen, U.S. Pat. No. 4,479,494 to McEwen, U.S. Pat. No. 4,520,819 to Birmingham et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,520,820 to Kitchin et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,548,198 to Manes, U.S. Pat. No. 4,635,635 to Robinette-Lehman, U.S. Pat. No. 4,637,394 to Racz et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,671,290 to Miller et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,691,738 to McCune, U.S. Pat. No. 4,773,419 to Tountas, U.S. Pat. No. 4,979,953 to Spence, U.S. Pat. No. 5,048,536 to McEwen, U.S. Pat. No. 5,181,522 to McEwen.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an improved automated system for computing, establishing and maintaining suitable levels of tourniquet pressure.
There is thus provided, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an automatic tourniquet system including variable pressure cuff apparatus for applying a variable pressure to a limb or artery of a patient in order to occlude blood flow thereat and control apparatus for determining the operative pressure of the variable pressure cuff apparatus and including apparatus for estimating the minimum effective cuff pressure required for complete occlusion.
There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, automatic tourniquet system including variable pressure cuff apparatus for applying a variable pressure to a limb or artery of a patient in order to occlude blood flow thereat and control apparatus for determining the operative pressure of the variable pressure cuff apparatus and including apparatus for monitoring the blood pressure of a patient and apparatus for determining the operative pressure as the product of blood pressure and a factor.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blood pressure used in the apparatus for determining is a weighted combination of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the factor is selected according to at least one of the following: the limb or artery on which the cuff apparatus is mounted, the size of the cuff apparatus, and whether the patient is an adult or a child.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control apparatus includes apparatus for causing the cuff apparatus to apply an initial pressure which is at least twice the blood pressure for a predetermined limited time.
Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initial pressure is a constant for a limb/artery.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined limited time is less than 10 minutes.
Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weighted combination is the mean blood pressure.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for monitoring includes apparatus for measuring the systolic and diastolic blood measure.
There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tourniqueting method including the steps of: cuff, relieving pressure on the first cuff body site, cuff, relieving pressure on the second cuff body site, and operation is terminated, and terminated, provide a deflation control signal to the inflated cuff or cuffs.
There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an automatic tourniquet technique including the steps of applying a variable pressure to a limb or artery of a patient in order to occlude blood flow thereat and determining the operative pressure of the variable pressure cuff apparatus and including the steps of monitor
REFERENCES:
patent: 4106002 (1978-08-01), Hogue, Jr.
patent: 4321929 (1982-03-01), Lemelson et al.
patent: 4469099 (1984-09-01), McEwen
patent: 4479494 (1984-10-01), McEwen
patent: 4520819 (1985-06-01), Birmingham et al.
patent: 4520820 (1985-06-01), Kitchin et al.
patent: 4548198 (1985-10-01), Manes
patent: 4635635 (1987-01-01), Robinette-Lehman
patent: 4637394 (1987-01-01), Racz et al.
patent: 4671290 (1987-06-01), Miller et al.
patent: 4691738 (1987-09-01), McCune
patent: 4773419 (1988-09-01), Tountas
patent: 4796184 (1989-01-01), Bahr et al.
patent: 4858616 (1989-08-01), Samaras et al.
patent: 4889133 (1989-12-01), Nelson et al.
patent: 4979953 (1990-12-01), Spence
patent: 5048536 (1991-09-01), McEwen
patent: 5069219 (1991-12-01), Knoblich
patent: 5181522 (1993-01-01), McEwen
patent: 5254087 (1993-10-01), McEwen
patent: 5352195 (1994-10-01), McEwen
McEwen et al, "An adaptive Tourniquet for Improved Safety in Surgery," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-29, No. 2, Feb. 1982.
Bussani, C.R. et al., Improved tracking of limb occlusion pressure for surgical tourniquets, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1988, vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 221-228.
Levy, O., et al., Minimal tourniquet pressure to maintain arterial closure in upper limb surgery, The Journal of Hand Surgery, vol. 18B, No. 2, Apr. 1993, pp. 1-3.
Crenshaw, A.H., Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, Eighth Edition, Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, vol. 1, pp. 3-4, vol. 5, pp. 2967-2969.
David Yehouda
Engel Joel
Gruenfeld Frank Vincenz Jonas
Levy Ofer
Opatowsky Alexander
FMS-Future Medical System, S.A.
Future Medical Systems, S.A.
Nasser Robert L.
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