Baths – closets – sinks – and spittoons – Flush closet – With automatic flush responsive means
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-07
2001-07-24
Huson, Gregory L. (Department: 3751)
Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
Flush closet
With automatic flush responsive means
C004S300000, C004S362000, C004S378000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06263519
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to toilet flushing. It finds particular, although not exclusive, application in automatic tank-type flushers.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The art of toilet flushers is an old and mature one. (We use the term toilet here in its broad sense, encompassing what are variously referred to as toilets, water closets, urinals, etc.) While many innovations and refinements in this art have resulted in a broad range of approaches, flush systems can still be divided into two general types. The first is the gravity type, which is used in most American domestic applications. The gravity type uses the pressure resulting from water stored in a tank to flush the bowl and provide the siphoning action by which the bowl's contents are drawn from it. The second type is the pressurized flusher, which uses line pressure more or less directly to perform flushing.
Some pressure-type flushers are of the tank type. Such flushers employ pressure tanks to which the main water-inlet conduit communicates. Water from the main inlet conduit fills the pressure tank to the point at which air in the tank reaches the main-conduit static pressure. When the system flushes, the water is driven from the tank at a pressure that is initially equal to that static pressure, without reduction by the main conduit's flow resistance. Other pressure-type flushers use no pressure tank, and the main conduit's flow resistance therefore reduces the initial flush pressure.
While flush-mechanism triggering has historically been performed manually, there is also a long history of interest in automatic operation. Particularly in the last couple of decades, moreover, this interest has resulted in many practical installations that have obtained the cleanliness and other benefits that automatic operation affords. As a consequence, a considerable effort has been expended in providing flush mechanisms that are well adapted to automatic operation. Automatic operation is well known in pressure-type flushers of the non-tank variety, but gravity-type flushers and pressurized flushers of the tank variety have also been adapted to automatic operation.
European Patent Publication EPO 0 828 103 A1 illustrates a typical gravity arrangement. The flush-valve member is biased to a closed position, in which it prevents water in the tank from flowing to the bowl. A piston in the valve member's shaft is disposed in a cylinder. A pilot valve controls communication between the main (pressurized) water source and the cylinder. When the toilet is to be flushed, only the small amount of energy required for pilot-valve operation is expended. The resultant opening of the pilot valve admits line pressure into the cylinder. That pressure exerts a relatively large force against the piston and thereby opens the valve against bias-spring force. Pilot valves have similarly been employed to adapt pressure-type flushers to automatic operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
But we have recognized that both gravity- and pressure-type flush mechanisms can be improved by changing the fluid circuits that the pilot valves ultimately control.
In the case of the gravity-type flush valve, we have recognized that operation can be made more repeatable by simply employing a configuration that is the reverse of the one described in the above-mentioned European patent publication. Specifically, we bias our flush valve to its unseated state, in which it permits flow from the tank to the bowl, and we use line pressure to hold the flush valve shut rather than to open it. We have recognized that this approach makes it very simple to have a repeatable valve-opening profile. Also, high line pressure actually aids in preventing leakage through the flush valve, rather than tending to reduce the effectiveness of the flush-valve seal. Since the toilet's suction generation is principally dependent on that profile, and since our approach makes the bias mechanism essentially the sole determinant of that profile, our approach enables this aspect of flush operation to be largely independent of line pressure.
We have also recognized that pressure-type flush systems adapted for automatic operation can be simplified by providing a pressure-relief passage that extends through the flush-valve member itself. Specifically, part or all of the valve member is disposed in a pressure chamber, into which line pressure is admitted. This pressure overcomes a bias force and holds the valve member in its seated position, in which it prevents flow from the pressurized-liquid source into the bowl. To open the flush valve, it is necessary to relieve the pressure in the pressure chamber by venting it into some unpressurized space. Rather than follow the conventional approach of providing an additional pressure-relief exit from the flush mechanism, we use the flush outlet for pressure relief by providing a pressure-relief conduit that extends from the pressure chamber through the flush-valve member itself. A pressure-relief mechanism ordinarily prevents flow through this pressure-relief conduit, but it permits such flow when the toilet is to be flushed.
In both pressure- and gravity-type systems, much of the mechanism employed to operate the flush valve is typically local to the wet region. That is, it is inside the pressure vessel in the case of a pressure-type system, and it is in the tank below the high-water line in case of a gravity-type system. For automatic operation, though, at least some part, such as a lens used as part of an object sensor to collect light reflected from the object, is disposed at a remote location. So there must be some communication between the local and remote regions.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, this communication is totally hydraulic: a pressure-relief line extends from the local region to a remote region outside the pressure vessel or outside the part of the tank interior below the high water line, and a remote valve controls flow that pressure-relief line to control the flush valve's operation. By employing this approach, we are able to eliminate the need to provide a sealed enclosure for the electrical components.
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Hadley David W.
Parsons Natan E.
Arichell Technologies Inc.
Cesari and McKenna LLP
Huson Gregory L.
Le Huyen
LandOfFree
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