Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Sampling nonliquid body material
Patent
1998-09-03
1999-11-23
O'Connor, Cary
Surgery
Diagnostic testing
Sampling nonliquid body material
600564, 606167, A61B 1000
Patent
active
059891971
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the technical sector concerning surgical instruments fit to be used for taking samples of tissues, cells or liquids from a living organism, in order to make a diagnosis.
More particularly, the present invention refers to a needle device, preferably a disposable needle device, for automatically or semi-automatically carrying out a biopsy, in order to take a sample of the organ to be analysed.
BACKGROUND ART
The known biopsy needle devices, to which will be shortly referred to as biopsy needles in the following description, comprise a needle consisting of a cannula, holding a slidable stem inside it. The distal end of said stem projects from the cannula distal end, and can arrange a portion of an organ to be sampled, after it has been cut from a guillotine-like point, located at the cannula distal end, because of the mutual approach of said distal ends The biopsy needles are then based on the principle of cutting a pre-defined organ portion by inserting them into the organ to be analysed, then arranging the cut tissue portion in the cavity which is comprised between the stem and the cannula, when this latter slides on the same stem.
The currently known biopsy needles are manually activated. Their cannula is locked to the needle support, while the stem proximal end is slidably supported by a movable assembly, fit to move the stem distal end with respect to the same end of the cannula.
The movable assembly stroke is adjustable in order to cut a pre-defined amount (in length) of the tissue sample to be taken.
Said manually activated needles are reasonably simple devices, but they lack in accuracy during the needle positioning and tissue sampling phases: in fact, it is difficult for an operator to coordinate by hand the mutual sliding of the needle stem and cannula, when both are independently movable and when the same operator must hold both with his hands.
Some biopsy needles which are automatically or semi-automatically operated are also known. They are manually pre-charged, and then inserted near the sampling area. They are then able to automatically carry out a first operating phase, wherein the distal stem cavity is ejected out of the cannula, and then a second operating phase, wherein a portion of tissue occupying the said cavity is cut by means of a guillotine-like effect when the cannula slides on the stem, until the cavity is totally enclosed into the cannula. The aforesaid needles can also work in a semi-automatic way, by executing the above described second operating phase not automatically, but by activating a manual control. This latter normally unlocks a locking member, which prevents said second phase from being activated.
In said biopsy needles the stem and cannula are supported each one by a respective assembly. Moreover, they are subject to elastic reaction forces, which are normally supplied by suitably arranged springs, in order to "charge" the needle, and then to be able to automatically or semi-automatically "shoot" with the same needle.
In the "charge" phase the stem cavity is placed inside the cannula, and the distal ends of said stem and cannula are held as close as possible to the needle body. This normally consists of a box-shaped case, which slidably supports the whole needle. It also contains the movable assemblies, the charge springs and further accessory members, e.g. safety devices fit to prevent any accidental needle "shooting". During said charging, phase the above safety devices are automatically connected, and some suitable springs are pre-charged in order to enable the needle for shooting.
During the shooting phase, after the security device has been disconnected and the needle has been put close to the organ to be analysed, it is possible, by operating the shooting "trigger", to eject the stem and then the cannula. This takes place because the springs acting on their respective movable assemblies are sequentially discharged. As described above, the shooting phase can take place in a semi-automatic way, by ejecting only th
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Gallini S.R.L.
Marmor II Charles
O'Connor Cary
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