Atomic or molecular beam frequency standard with optical pumping

Details Atomic or molecular beam frequency standard with optical pumping Atomic or molecular beam frequency standard with optical pumping

1981-10-09

1984-06-12

Grimm, Siegfried H.

Oscillators

Automatic frequency stabilization using a phase or frequency...

Molecular resonance stabilization

250251, 331 941, H03L 726

Patent

active

044544820

ABSTRACT:
The apparatus comprises a source capable of producing an atomic (molecular) beam and at least one electromagnetic resonator of the open type through which the atoms (molecules) pass. Optical pumping means excite the atoms (molecules) of the beam into a selected energy level before the beam passes through the resonator. An electromagnetic field generator is connected to the resonator for generating inside said resonator a spatial distribution of electromagnetic field at a frequency corresponding to the difference between the energies associated to said first level or energetic state and a second level or energetic state of the atoms (molecules) in the beam. Detection means provide an electric signal indicative of the number of atoms (molecules) which inside the resonator undergo a transition to the above mentioned second level or energetic state. Said electric signal is used to control the frequency of said generator, in such a way as to maximize the number of atoms (molecules) which undergo a transition when they pass through said resonator.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3667066 (1972-05-01), Kastler et al.
patent: 4315224 (1982-02-01), Ezekiel et al.
Arditi et al., "A Cesium Beam Atomic Clock Using Laser Optical Pumping", J. Physique-Lettres, vol. 41, No. 16, Aug. 15, 1980, pp. L-379-L381.
Picque, "Hyperfine Optical Pumping of Cesium With a CW GaAs Laser", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. QE-10, No. 12, Dec. 1974, pp. 892-897.

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