Ammunition and explosives – Shells – Grenade
Patent
1981-12-16
1984-07-10
Jordan, Charles T.
Ammunition and explosives
Shells
Grenade
89 1816, F41F 700, F41F 106
Patent
active
044585985
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an assembly formed by a projectile and a means for launching this projectile, the said means comprising a fixed launching rod which comprises a percussion pin at its free end, and the projectile comprising a projectile head, a tubular tail section, of which one end is fixed to the projectile head and the other free end is open, a piston fitted with a primer or fuze and mounted inside the tail section so as to form the movable part of an expansible and closed combustion chamber and a propellent charge disposed inside the said combustion chamber.
In such an assembly, the projectile is placed in position on the launching rod, for the purpose of being launched, in such a manner that the percussion pin is able to act on the primer and that the piston is able to bear on the free propellent charge and of the expansion of the chamber which follows.
The positioning of the projectile or missile is generally carried out manually, either by placing the projectile on the launching rod by introducing the latter into the open end of the tail section, or by introducing the projectile into a launching tube, at the bottom of which is fixed the launching rod, so that the projectile drops on to the said rod and the piston is immobilised in a position similar to that in the first case.
In the two aforementioned cases, the percussion can be externally controlled, the percussion pin then being projected towards the fuze under the effect, for example, of a spring. In the event of the launching being by means of a tube, the percussion can be automatic, that is to say, the dropping of the projectile or missile on to a fixed percussion pin causes the percussion.
The invention has for its object to provide an assembly of the aforementioned type, which permits a very high pressure to be developed in the combustion chamber, while guaranteeing a perfect tightness of this chamber during the combustion and while assuring a very great reliability of the percussion and also a very accurate guiding of the projectile on the launching rod during the propulsion phase.
To this end, the assembly according to the invention is characterised in that the free end of the launching rod has an axially symmetrical guiding surface which is coaxial with respect to the percussion pin, and the piston has an axially symmetrical guiding surface which is coaxial with respect to the primer or fuze and surrounding an opening for the passage of the percussion pin, these guiding surfaces being arranged in such manner as to assure the centering of the percussion pin in relation to the fuze and to participate in the establishment of the coaxial relationship of the projectile and of the launching rod during the propulsion phase.
According to one preferred embodiment, the two guiding surfaces are conical surfaces of equal conicity, the guiding surface of the launching rod being the internal surface of a conical cavity which opens out towards the exterior of the rod and the piston comprising a projecting conical part which forms the guiding surface of the piston.
On the other hand, the launching rod and the piston preferably have planar contact surfaces, perpendicular to the axis of the assembly, which surround the respective guiding surfaces, so as to provide abutment surfaces between the percussion rod and the piston.
A first advantage of the invention consists in that it makes possible a perfect centering of the primer or detonator with respect to the percussion pin and thus in particular the avoidance of the two major risks which result from an eccentric percussion. Firstly concerned is the risk of an eccentric deformation of the primer or detonator located in a compartment of the piston and consequently of an escape of combustion gas at this point, which results in a loss of energy for the propulsion and thus a shortening of the range of the projectile and, in addition, causes noise at the time of launching. Secondly, in an eccentric position, the percussion pin may strike a side wall of the corresponding opening of the piston, so t
Jordan Charles T.
Parr Ted L.
Valinor, S.A.
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