Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Tooth construction
Patent
1997-05-05
1999-09-14
Lucchesi, Nicholas D.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Tooth construction
433197, 433198, A61C 1308
Patent
active
059512890
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns an artificial posterior tooth, namely a large or small posterior tooth for the upper and lower human jaw, the occlusal surface of which has at least one buccal cusp and at least one palatal or lingual cusp, respectively, between which a longitudinal fissure runs in the longitudinal direction of the tooth, the buccal cusp of the posterior teeth of the lower jaw engaging in the fissusre in the posterior teeth of the upper jaw and the palatal cusp of the posterior teeth or the upper jaw engaging in the longitudinal fissure in the posterior teeth of the lower jaw.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Artificial posterior teeth of this type are known. In the case of industrially produced artificial posterior teeth, however, the occlusal surface is only poorly developed and in the closed position a planiform contact region is present between the teeth lying on top of one another. This results in a stamp-like action of the teeth against one another, causing the teeth to adhere during mastication. This adhesion between the teeth leads to poor masticatory properties of the denture formed front the artificial teeth, with the occurrence, in particular, of the so-called "teeth chattering" during mastication. Moreover, in the case of the known artificial, industrially produced teeth, the occlusal surfaces do not interlock satisfactorily As a result, a manual finishing operation is always necessary. Also, the planiform contact region in the closed position of the teeth leads to unfavourable loading of the periodontium.
The object of the present invention is to improve artificial posterior teeth of the type described at the outset such that the masticatory properties and the support in the inserted state are improved and also favourable force distribution in the periodontium is achieved. In addition, the intention is to obtain a simplified alignment of the teeth for the production of the artificial denture.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present object is essentially achieved in that the longitudinal fissures and the palatal/lingual cusps and buccal cusps, respectively, of the posterior teeth are adapted to one another such that, in the region of the longitudinal fissures, at least one rest zone is formed in which there is a punctiform contact in the closed position of the posterior teeth. Through the production of a punctiform contact in conjunction with the existing furrowed cusp structure, a stamping action is avoided, as a result of which improved masticatory properties are achieved. Arranging, according to the invention, the rest zones on the longitudinal axis of the teeth leads to the force transmission also being on the longitudinal axis of the teeth, as a result of which the periodontium is spared undue stress. In the case of the prostheses produced using the posterior tooth according to the invention, the dynamics are thus enhanced and the masticatory mechanism relieved since, in an advantageous manner, the rest zones are formed over a wide area.
Furthermore, the present invention consists in forming in each case one or more food discharge grooves in the occlusal surface of the teeth, which grooves lead to the outside via the edge of the respective tooth body. It is particularly expedient here if the food discharge grooves start in the rest zones, at the deepest point thereof. Nevertheless, the formation of food discharge grooves is also expedient without the presence of rest zones. Food discharge grooves of this type are not present in the case of the known artificial teeth, rather the latter merely have faint traces of grooves which are not suitable for carrying off the mashed food resulting during mastication to the outside. By means of the food discharge grooves according to the invention, uniform disintegration of the food is achieved and there is no accumulation and no instability. Moreover, the periodontium is thereby spared undue stress.
A further aspect of the present invention consists in forming positive-locking elements on the opposite lateral surface
REFERENCES:
patent: 2072127 (1937-03-01), Pilkington et al.
patent: 2548956 (1951-04-01), Dickson
patent: 3755898 (1973-09-01), Warren
patent: 4226592 (1980-10-01), Schreinemahers
patent: 5501598 (1996-03-01), Misch
Homberg Wilheim
Kura Gunter
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