Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Corporeal artificial heart – heart assist – control...
Patent
1997-09-25
1999-11-02
Willse, David H.
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Corporeal artificial heart, heart assist , control...
417534, A61M 112
Patent
active
059761849
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a drive device for an artificial heart according to the preamble of the main claim.
There is known from European Patent Application 0 531 856 a blood pump which operates in a pulsating manner, and in which there is disposed in the blood pump housing at least one piston driven from a coupling point on a triangular enclosed hypocycloid path, which periodically compresses a blood chamber and again releases it. One corner of the closed triangular hypocycloid path is aligned in the direction of the piston, piston movements arising which consist of a pre-stroke phase, a return stroke phase and a stationary stroke phase. This known blood pump is extremely complex in structure and comprises a large number of individual parts. The movement must be transmitted via a large number of bearings, so that many losses arise. Due to the complex structure, the lifespan of the drive of this pump is unsatisfactory.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,718,903 describes an artificial heart in which there is used as a drive a movable member, upon which pressure plates are secured, and which executes a rolling movement. The movable member has a bidirectional motor with motor housing and an epicycloid gear arrangement, the latter being disposed between the motor and one of two closure parts closing off the housing and rotating relative thereto, in such a way that the motor with housing executes the rolling movement led by guide means and the closure parts, which carry the pressure plates, execute a sliding movement. A reciprocating movement is achieved by reversing the polarity of the motor. Such an artificial heart is complex because of the epicycloid gear arrangement and has a large number of rotating parts. In addition, dead points are present because of the reversal of movement, and the end positions must be recognized for control of the motor.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The object underlying the present invention is to provide a drive device for an artificial heart which is simple in structure and enables direct power transmission, while the lifespan is intended to be increased.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
By virtue of the fact that the motor, rotating in one direction, is directly connected to a drive gear, and a movement component actuating a plurality of pressure plates and is in direct engagement with internal or external toothing and, upon rotation of a gearwheel, the movement component executes a reciprocating movement, there is a direct power transmission from the motor via the drive gear and the movement component to each pressure plate. Due to the direct power transmission the structure of the drive can be simplified, so that its lifespan is increased. This applies similarly to the solution with the features of the further independent claim.
Advantageous further developments and improvements are possible by means of the measures indicated in the sub-claims.
In an advantageous way, the movement component is in the form of an internal geared wheel, which has an internally geared oval, the internally geared oval being in engagement with the drive gear. By rotation of the drive gear, the internal geared wheel executes a reciprocating movement in the longitudinal direction with a degree of off-setting vertical to the longitudinal direction, and which is transmitted directly to the pressure plates.
By means of the guidance device, engagement is ensured between the drive gear and the internal geared wheel in a system of restricted guidance.
By virtue of the fact that a gel cushion is disposed on the pressure plates, the upward and downward movement of the pressure plates can be absorbed during the change of direction.
In a further preferred embodiment the movement component is in the form of a pendulum, which is pivotally mounted at one end and has at the other end a cam follower moving in the cam track, the pistons being pivotally attached to arms formed vertically to the pendulum. This embodiment also enables a simple structure and direct transmission of the drive power of the motor to the
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patent: 3806284 (1974-04-01), Jacobs
patent: 4058857 (1977-11-01), Runge et al.
patent: 4932373 (1990-06-01), Carson
Kolff, An Artificial Heart inside the Body, Scientific American, 213(5), 38-46, Nov. 1965.
Vielberg, Intracorporeal Circulation Pump, Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 63(1), 143-148, Jan. 1972.
Byoung G. Min, Hee C. Kim, Sang H. Lee, Jong W. Kim, Jin T. Kim, In Y. Kim, Sung W. Kim, Paul D. Diegel and Don B. Olsen; "A Moving-Actuator Type Electromechanical Total Artifical Heart-Part I: Linear Type and Mock Circulation Experiments"; IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, No. 12; Dec. 1990.
Buecherl Sebastian
Frank Joern
Sauer Igor Maximilian
Spiegelberg Andreas
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