Dentistry – Apparatus – Having gauge or guide
Patent
1980-10-26
1982-10-19
Peshock, Robert
Dentistry
Apparatus
Having gauge or guide
433 54, A61C 1904
Patent
active
043548369
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to articulator devices for reproducing the movements of the mandible.
The technical field of the invention is that of dental instruments and prostheses.
Apparatuses, known as articulators, exist which permit to reproduce mechanically certain movements of the mandible. Said articulators comprise two supports hingedly connected together, on which are fixed casts of the upper and lower jaws. They are designed to test and adjust dental prostheses, without the patient being present.
Amongst these articulators, we find the non-adaptable articulators based on average anatomical dimensions and the adaptable articulators permitting to alter the course of the movements from recordings made on the patient's mouth. We know, for example, the articulators of Gysi, of Hanau, the Dentatus articulator, the Gerber articulator, etc . . . Such articulators are described for example in French Pat. No. 1 447 240 and in British Pat. No. 4 014 097. The first relates to a device which comprises a measuring apparatus for recording the mastication movements three-dimensionally, and an articulator provided with two reproducing members, movable with respect to one another, to sharpen the masticatory surfaces of the artificial teeth. The second relates to a method and device for measuring and recording the mastication movements three-dimensionally, and mechanically or electrically, wherein the movements of the different reference elements, arranged in relation to the upper and lower jaws, are recorded.
All these mechanical articulators are imperfect. Indeed, temporo-mandibular articulations are complex and not very well known articulations which permit not only the opening and closing movements but also the protrusion and laterality movements of one jaw with respect to the other. These articulations are mechanically difficult to make and they do not accurately reproduce the natural articulations.
It is one object of the present invention to propose articulators which have no articulation between the two plates carrying the casts of the jaws, and thus to facilitate the production of these articulations and the access to the casts of the jaws from the back.
An odontograph, such as described in French Pat. No. 2 326 906, has been proposed to palliate to any inadequacies of reproduction of prostheses, which odontograph is designed to be associated to existing mechanical articulators. The same disadvantage is found with this apparatus as with the other mechanical articulators, namely that it is very difficult to mechanically record the movements of the mandible for remote and/or delayed reproduction. Moreover, the mechanical recording makes it possible to graphically record the movements of one or more points in one or more planes, but it is very difficult afterwards to recreate, from these graphical recordings, the real movement of the mandible.
Another object of the present invention is to propose devices which make it possible to remotely reproduce or to record for delayed reproduction and to repeat the usual movements of the mandible with great accuracy, as far as the displacements of each point and the dynamics of such displacements as well as the positions are concerned.
A device according to the invention is of the articulator type, and comprises, in known manner, two supports movable one with respect to the other, on which are respectively fixed casts of the upper and lower jaws of a patient and means for actuating the said supports in order to recreate the movements of the mandible of the patient.
The objects of the present invention are attained with a device comprising:
on the one hand, means for sampling the movements of the mandible consisting of a plurality of sensors of linear displacement which are fixed by their ends to the patient's skull and mandible respectively, and which convert analogically the linear displacements into electrical signals;
on the other hand, an articulator composed of two plates on which are fixed the said casts of the upper and lower jaws, said plates being joined togeth
REFERENCES:
patent: 4014097 (1977-03-01), Pameijer
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