Tools – Wrench – screwdriver – or driver therefor – Rigid jaws
Reexamination Certificate
1996-12-10
2001-07-10
Smith, James G. (Department: 3723)
Tools
Wrench, screwdriver, or driver therefor
Rigid jaws
C081S121100, C081SDIG005
Reexamination Certificate
active
06257098
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to collation of various article types having differing structural configuration, yet designed to perform an analogous function, collated ones all sharing a commonality of a particular selected element, such as size, and more particularly a feature, which when, for example, incorporated in a tool design, permits rapid and facilitated selection of commonly sized tools performing analogous functions, but having differing structural configuration.
Hand tools of common structural configuration are generally available in a wide range of sizes, each adapted for use on a matching size workpiece, conveniently provided either as a complete set or for individual purchase. For example, a particular set (or family) of wrenches, each member thereof being of fixed size, is typically directed either to metric or English units. Each member is correspondingly sized to match the dimensions of the nut or bolt head being worked upon. A size marking is generally provided on each wrench of the set by the manufacturer, typically in the form of an imprinted numerical representation, and generally corresponds nominally to the measurement across flats on the nut or bolt head. This enables the user to identify the proper size tool for the task when the size of the workpiece is known. However, often the user of such tools is unaware of the size of the nut or bolt, and must therefore guess the correct size wrench, resulting in a potentially time consuming process until the proper size is finally determined. Furthermore, when, as is frequently the case, the repair task is performed beneath a vehicle or where lighting conditions are poor, reading of the imprinted numerical indicia is difficult.
The above stated problems have been addressed in the prior art in an attempt to alleviate the time consuming nature of correct tool size selection. Various color coding schemes have been suggested by various individuals as providing an effective solution.
For example, one such system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,947,713 issued to Arnold, in which an elastomeric sleeve, carried on a wrench socket, contains a color coded representation in which a particular color corresponds to a socket size, thereby simplifying visual recognition and correct selection of a desired size.
In U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,936,170 and 5,395,137, both issued to Zumeta, and in which a similar approach is adopted, the use of a mathematical correlation scheme relating colors to wrench sizes is suggested as a means for enabling color coding of a set of tools in which individual members, each with a discrete size, are more numerous than the colors available for coding. According to the system disclosed therein, a set of tools, all of like configuration, are divided into sub-sets, or groups, each tool in the group related to one another by a mathematical relationship. For example, all tools of even inch size, i.e. 1″, 2″, 3″, etc, would comprise one group and would be represented by a single color. Similarly, fractionally sized tools incrementally spaced by a fixed amount would comprise additional groups, each assigned a particular color representation. The increments between members within each group would be selected to be sufficiently large to permit them to be easily distinguished visually.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,982,627 issued to Johnson is also directed to a color coding scheme for identifying various tool sizes. The use of color bands corresponding to a color chart defining each of ten colors in terms of a corresponding one of ten arabic numbers. Multiple bands of various spacing are used to represent whole number and fraction portions of the particular tool size.
The above inventions are effective in facilitating recognition of a particular tool size, enabling a user of tools incorporating the features claimed therein to quickly select a tool of matching size to a workpiece, such as a nut or bolt. They all, however, rely on the assumption that the size of the nut or bolt head is known to the mechanic, and the inventions described above are then only concerned with the correct matching of one member from a single set of like structured tools by visually selecting an assigned color marked thereon representative of the numerical size of the workpiece measured across the flats. As illustrated above, the prior art does not address a significant remaining problem posed to a mechanic, which may be summarized as follows. Many times, a mechanic may wish to store a variety of different tool sets, i.e different families of tools, mixed together in a single tool case. For example, a mechanic may carry to a work site a box containing a set of box wrenches, a set of open end wrenches, a set each of deep and standard sockets, with each of the above sets including differently sized members. Although each family type is designed to perform an analogous task or function, i.e. tighten or loosen a bolt or nut, depending upon the location and orientation of the nut or bolt, one family or set may be more suitable for the particular application, and the mechanic may not readily know which is best suited for the purpose until a particular wrench is tried. Once a correct fit is determined for a nut or bolt of unknown size, he may then wish to quickly select a commonly sized tool from a remaining one of the tool families of the many sets brought to the job site. The prior art does not provide a solution to the above problem of performing this collation task in a facilitated manner.
There is therefore the need for a collation system, in accordance with which, after determining a correct fit of a member of a particular set of tools with the size of a workpiece such as a nut or bolt by initial trial, a user of such tools, or an assistant, might quickly and easily visually locate a commonly sized member of a functionally analogous family of tools better structurally suited to the application at hand than the tool configuration originally selected.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a system for size collation of tools and other articles which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a system for size collation which, when included as a design feature of hand held tools, permits rapid collation of like sized members of analogous tool families.
It is a still further object of the invention to provide a size collation system either as a feature included during manufacture, or as a part of a kit for application to existing conventional tools and articles.
Briefly stated, there is provided a collation feature by which a common visual indicator is assigned to commonly sized members of functionally analogous tools having differing structural configuration, thereby permitting rapid substitution of like size tool members between the various families of tools. The visual indicia is advantageously disposed in a prominent position on the tool for unobstructed viewing. Furthermore, the visual indicia includes at least one non-numerical identifying parameter, such as for example a color, combination of colors, recognizable pattern and/or shaped region. Since a mechanic often relies upon an assistant to hand him tools during a repair, for example when the mechanic is on a ladder or other location remote from his tool box or case, the pattern or color used to mark a particular common tool size is advantageously of the type that can be easily described in verbal terms. For example, suitable patterns would include dots, stripes, plaids, diamonds, and the like, all easily distinguishable for one another to avoid confusion. In this way, when the person using for example a box wrench marked with blue plaid indicia discovers that he requires a different style wrench better suited to the application, he simply notes the pattern or color marked on the tool he is using and requests, for example, that his assistant hand him a socket wrench carrying the same marking, i.e. in the present example, blue plaid. Since the visual in
Smith James G.
Wechsler Lawrence I.
Wechsler & Wechsler, P.C.
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