Power plants – Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of... – By means producing a chemical reaction of a component of the...
Patent
1991-01-31
1993-03-16
Hart, Douglas
Power plants
Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...
By means producing a chemical reaction of a component of the...
60303, 60308, 422180, F01N 326
Patent
active
051933411
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an arrangement for removing oxidizable or combustible particles such as soot from exhaust gases containing particles of this kind.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The most serious exhaust-gas problem of diesel engines is smoke; on the one hand, because of hindering the view on traffic roadways and, on the other hand, because of the characteristic of the smoke to bind other toxic exhaust-gas components such as sulfur oxide and hydrocarbons and to transport the same into the human body. Hot smoke contains significant amounts of soot and occurs because of the incomplete combustion as a consequence of a deficiency of air at high temperatures. The hot smoke occurs at full load or at overload and comprises primarily black soot granules of 0.3 to 0.1 .mu.m.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention has the task to provide an arrangement for removing oxidizable or combustible particles from exhaust gases so that the arrangement can be utilized especially as an afterburner for a diesel engine.
Vortex tubes are known and originate with the works of G. Ranques and R. Hilsch. In vortex tubes, a gas under pressure is injected tangentially and divides to both sides of the tube in a vortical manner and exits through diaphragms at the ends of the tube. In this way, an axial vortical flow is formed. Hot gas exits at one end of the vortex tube because of adiabatic compression. An adiabatic expansion takes place at the other end of the vortex tube by means of the nozzle so that cold gas exits there. An arrangement of this kind combined with a compressed air blower unit in order to blow cold air onto workpieces and is described in DE-OS 36 00 147.
It has been shown in a surprising manner that by tangentially injecting exhaust gases enriched with combustible particles such as soot under a pressure of 0.5 to 10 bar, preferably 5 bar, a vortical air flow is obtained which shows a temperature increase of approximately 100.degree. C. at the outer zones of the air flow compared to the inflowing gas. Since the exhaust gases of diesel engines have a temperature of approximately 500.degree., a temperature increase to approximately 600.degree. C. can be obtained in the vortex tube which is sufficient to combust the oxidizable soot particles. The combustion takes place because the soot particles receive a high rotational speed due to the tangential inflow in the form of a cyclone effect which hurls the soot particles against the tube wall and, because the soot particles are heated to more than the ignition point for soot as a consequence of the temperature increase. The gases in the center of the tube are cleaned because of the cyclone effect and leave the tube center through the diaphragm. The rest including the waste leaves the tube through the throttle.
To obtain an optimal temperature increase, it is suitable to enclose the vortex tube additionally with an outer thermal insulating layer. Furthermore, it is advantageous for the combustion of soot particles if the inner surface of the tube is coated with a catalyzer.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment in combination with a diesel engine;
FIG. 2 is a section through a vortex tube;
FIG. 3 is a section taken along the line 3--3 through FIG. 2; and,
FIG. 4 is a section taken along the line 4--4 through the vortex tube.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a vortex tube 2 connected to a diesel engine 1. The diesel engine 1 is illustrated only schematically and in section through its cylinder head. The expert recognizes therein the piston, the injection nozzle, the outlet valve and finally the exhaust manifold 14 to which an exhaust pipe 15 is flange connected. The exhaust gas pipe 15 has an attenuation vessel 22 which serves to intercept pressure pulses of the exhaust gases which are pushed out in surges. An attenuating vessel 22 of this kind is however, not always
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Flatow Karl-Heinz
Sibbertsen Walter
Hart Douglas
HKK Hanseatisches Kreativ Kontor Gesellschaft fur Entwicklung un
Ottesen Walter
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