Power plants – Pressure fluid source and motor – Coaxial impeller and turbine unit
Patent
1992-06-29
1994-06-28
Look, Edward K.
Power plants
Pressure fluid source and motor
Coaxial impeller and turbine unit
60714, 384473, 184 612, F16D 3300
Patent
active
053236106
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an arrangement for lubricating and cooling the bearings of a hydrodynamic coupling and supplying working liquid to the working chamber thereof. The invention is applied advantageously to internal combustion engine units of the compound type for vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine, a turbine driven by the engine's exhaust gases, and a transmission arranged between the turbine and a crankshaft issuing from the engine, which transmission comprises a hydrodynamic coupling flushed through with oil.
PRIOR ART
Designers of internal combustion engines have for a long time attempted to obtain, to the greatest possible extent, from the engine's exhaust gases the energy which would otherwise be lost. A customary way of doing this is to equip the engine with a so-called turbocharger consisting of a turbine which is driven by the exhaust and is mechanically coupled to a compressor designed to compress the combustion air for supercharging the engine. Ever since their appearance 40 to 50 years ago, turbochargers have been developed and refined and have thereby attained a high level of adjustability and operational reliability. Nevertheless, a large amount of energy still remains in the exhaust-gases after leaving the turbine.
A method for utilising at least some of this surplus energy is to arrange, in series with and downstream of this first turbine, a second turbine driven by the exhaust gases. If this turbine is in some way coupled so that it transmits mechanically some of the surplus energy to the crankshaft of the engine or to transmissions connected thereto, a turbocompound system is obtained.
Such systems are previously known, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,586,337 US Cl. 60-605 and published international patent application 86/00,665 (IPC4 Cl. F02B 41/10,37/00,67/00). These two specifications illustrate exhaust turbines which, via a long shaft and a hydrodynamic coupling, transmit the energy obtained from the exhaust to the front timing gears of a camshaft.
The hydrodynamic coupling is intended to isolate the torsional vibrations occurring in the exhaust turbine from those in the engine. In SAE Transactions Volume 62, pages 276-277, 1954, a turbocompound engine designed for aviation purposes and developed by Curtis-Wright is shown. This 18-cylinder engine has three exhaust gas turbine sections which, via a hydrodynamic coupling, obtain surplus energy and transmit it to a crankshaft. The coupling is fed from the lubricating oil system of the engine and is supplied with oil via its input shaft.
In these turbocompound systems it is important to minimize the losses in the transmission between the exhaust gas turbine and the crankshaft in order to ensure that the surplus energy obtained from the exhaust gases via the turbine will contribute a real additional driving force on the crankshaft. It is preferable to use the lubricating oil of the engine as the drive medium in the hydrodynamic coupling, since bearings in the hydrodynamic coupling can also be lubricated at the same time, and the engine's lubricating oil pump can be used to keep the hydrodynamic coupling filled and continuously flushed for carrying off heat generated in the coupling.
The main bearings in the hydraulic coupling bear, on the one hand, the turbine wheel in the pump wheel and, on the other hand, the stationary part of the coupling in either of the turbine wheel or the pump wheel. Upon steady running, the bearings which bear the turbine wheel in the pump wheel are subjected only to the slip prevailing in the hydraulic coupling between pump wheel and turbine wheel. These bearings which bear the turbine wheel in the pump wheel can therefore be called low-speed bearings, which are subjected to higher speeds only in the event of transient phenomena, especially in the event of instantaneous torque changes on the input shaft to the pump wheel. The bearings which bear either of the pump wheel or turbine wheel in the stationary part of the coupling are continuously subjected, when running, to considerabl
REFERENCES:
patent: 3053115 (1962-09-01), Cartwright et al.
patent: 3058296 (1962-10-01), Mischke et al.
patent: 3136129 (1964-06-01), Lutze et al.
patent: 3955365 (1976-05-01), Arao
patent: 4516399 (1985-05-01), Holler et al.
patent: 4950213 (1990-08-01), Morisawa
Fransson H.ang.kan
Strand.ANG.s Lars-Olov
Look Edward K.
Saab-Scania Aktiebolag
Sgantzos Mark
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