Arrangement for air conditioning control in buildings

Details Arrangement for air conditioning control in buildings Arrangement for air conditioning control in buildings

1980-06-25

1983-02-01

Scott, Samuel

Heat exchange

Structural installation

Related to wall, floor or ceiling structure of a chamber

165 56, 52303, 52405, 98 42A, 252 70, 126429, F24H 302

Patent

active

043710310

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to an arrangement for controlling the air condition in buildings, wherein the roof comprises plates with substantial mass which are self-supporting with a relatively wide span, and a covering layer laid on the outside of the roof plates, between which layer and plates a gap for air exchange with the atmosphere is located and air is passed therethrough.


DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

Co-operation between the carrying building structure and ventilation installations heretofore has been utilized to a relatively limited extent for controlling the air condition in a building. Some examples, however, of such integration do exist. Roofs of hall buildings, for example, comprise plates, which are assembled of concrete elements with TT-shaped cross-section and cover long spans. It was found that such concrete roofs, owing to the relatively high heat capacity of concrete, during successive warm summer's days yield air conditions, which are substantially better than those yielded by roofs of a lighter weight with corresponding insulation. In winter-time also certain savings in energy could be obtained. An improved roof construction of this kind implies, that the concrete plate is provided with a covering layer of sheet metal instead of asphalt roofing felt and the like. Such a concrete-sheet metal roof renders possible ventilation of the air gap between insulation and covering layer and thereby offers special advantages.
In connection with the use of precast elements for multi-storey buildings, floor elements with longitudinal holes have been utilized for branching the ventilation system. At a specific design of such floors, the heat storage capacity in the hollow floor has been utilized systematically in such a manner, that in summer-time the cool night air can be used for cooling the building on warm days and that in winter-time excess heat produced during the day can be stored for heating purposes during nights and holidays.
A closely related development refers to so-called exhaust air windows, where the transmission losses of heat are reduced by windows acting as solar collectors. The warm air from the windows is passed into the building, and consideration was made of the possibility of storing this heat in the building structure, for example in the floors.


BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, relates to buildings, the roof constructions of which, briefly, comprise roof trusses, which are arranged with relatively widely spaced relationship and between which self-supporting roof plates are located. The roof plates are covered by a covering layer in such a manner, that a gap is formed between the covering layer and the roof plates. The invention is particularly suitable for industrial buildings. According to the invention air is passed in one or the other direction through ducts provided in the roof. When the air is sucked in from the atmosphere through ventilation cowls and passes through said means, the air is led to an air conditioning unit and to a distribution device of some kind within the building for the purpose of maintaining a suitable temperature in the building. The air can also be led in the inverted direction and, thus, be taken up in the form of outdoor air by the air conditioning unit and after having been passed through the building be conducted away through the roof structure into the atmosphere by the ventilation cowls.
The invention, comprises an arrangement which is characterized in that the plates are formed with ducts, which at one end have an opening, which is connected both to the air conditioning unit and to intakes from the building and which has one or more upward connections to the air gap located thereabove. Several plates can be arranged one after the other, and the ducts can be connected by suitable pass-over means, which may have openings in connection with the air gap. Especially suitable are roof plates of concrete with TT-shaped cross-section, in which the ducts are laid in the beam webs. The covering layer in thi

REFERENCES:
patent: 3633659 (1972-01-01), Ohlsson
patent: 4258701 (1981-03-01), Buckley
patent: 4269171 (1981-05-01), McArthur
patent: 4295415 (1981-10-01), Schneider
patent: 4296798 (1981-10-01), Schramm

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