Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Liquid composition
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-06
2001-05-08
Gupta, Yogendra (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Liquid composition
C510S417000, C510S437000, C510S505000, C510S506000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06228831
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to aqueous pearlescent concentrates containing selected fatty compounds, emulsifiers and optionally polyols, to a process for their production, to a process for the production of pearlescent surface-active formulations using the concentrates and to the use of the fatty compounds as pearlescent waxes.
For centuries, the softly shimmering luster of pearls has held a particular fascination for human beings. It is therefore no wonder that manufacturers of cosmetic preparations endeavour to give their products an attractive, valuable and rich appearance. The first pearlescence used in cosmetics in the middle ages was a pearlescent paste of natural fish scales. At the beginning of the present century, it was discovered that bismuth oxide chlorides were also capable of producing pearlescence. By contrast, pearlescent waxes, particularly of the glycol monofatty acid ester and difatty acid ester type, are of importance in modern cosmetics, being used mainly for the production of pearlescence in hair shampoos and shower gels. An overview of modern pearlescent formulations was published by A. Ansmann and R. Kawa in Parf. Kosm., 75, 578 (1994).
Various formulations capable of providing surface-active products with the required pearlescence are known from the prior art. For example, German patent applications DE-A1 38 43 572 and DE-A1 41 03 551 (Henkel) describe pearlescent concentrates in the form of free-flowing aqueous dispersions containing 15 to 40% by weight of pearlescent components, 5 to 55% by weight of emulsifiers and 0.1 to 5% by weight or 15 to 40% by weight of polyols. The pearlescent waxes are acylated polyalkylene glycols, mono-alkanolamides, linear saturated fatty acids or ketosulfones. European patents EP-B1 0 181 773 and EP-B1 0 285 389 (Procter & Gamble) describe shampoo compositions containing surfactants, non-volatile silicones and pearlescent waxes. European patent application EP-A2 0 205 922 (Henkel) relates to free-flowing pearlescent concentrates containing 5 to 15% by weight of acylated polyglycols, 1 to 6% by weight of fatty acid monoethanolamides and 1 to 5% by weight of nonionic emulsifiers. According to the teaching of European patent EP-B1 0 569 843 (Hoechst), nonionic, free-flowing pearlescent dispersions can also be obtained by preparing mixtures of 5 to 30% by weight of acylated polyglycols and 0.1 to 20% by weight of selected nonionic surfactants. In addition, European patent application EP-A2 0 581 193 (Hoechst) describes free-flowing, preservative-free pearlescent dispersions containing acylated polyglycol ethers, betaines, anionic surfactants and glycerol. Finally, European patent application EP-A1 0 684 302 (Th. Goldschmidt) relates to the use of polyglycerol esters as crystallization aids for the production of pearlescent concentrates.
Despite the large number of formulations, there is a constant need on the market for new pearlescent waxes which, in contrast to acylated polyglycols for example, do not contain any ethylene oxide units and which are distinguished from known products by their brilliant luster, even when used in smaller quantities, so that critical ingredients, such as silicones for example, may also be used without any adverse effect on the stability of the formulations and which, at the same time, contain ester groups, thus guaranteeing adequate biodegradability, and which are free-flowing and hence easy to handle, particularly in concentrated form. Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide new pearlescent concentrates which would satisfy the complex requirement profile described above.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to aqueous pearlescent concentrates containing—based on the non-aqueous component—
(a) 1 to 99.1% by weight of fatty compounds selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates with the proviso that the compounds contain in all at least 18, preferably 24 and more preferably 32 to 48 carbon atoms,
(b) 0.1 to 90% by weight of anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic and/or zwitterionic emulsifiers and
(c) 0 to 40% by weight of polyols,
with the proviso that the quantities add up to 100% by weight.
It has surprisingly been found that the long-chain fatty compounds mentioned have excellent pearlescing properties and are distinguished from known products by greater brilliance, even when used in smaller quantities, particular particle fineness and stability in storage. The pearlescent waxes are readily biodegradable and free-flowing in concentrated form and even enable problematical ingredients, for example silicones, to be incorporated in cosmetic formulations.
Fatty Alcohols
Long-chain fatty alcohols suitable for use as component (a1) correspond to formula (I):
R
1
OH (I)
in which R
1
is a linear alkyl group containing at least 18, preferably 24 to 48 and more preferably 32 to 36 carbon atoms. The compounds mentioned are, for example, behenyl alcohol or oxidation products of long-chain paraffins.
Fatty Ketones
Fatty ketones suitable for use as component (a2) correspond to formula (II):
R
2
—CO—R
3
(II)
in which R
2
and R
3
independently of one another are optionally hydroxysubstituted alkyl and/or alkenyl groups containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, with the proviso that they contain in all at least 18, preferably 24 and more preferably 32 to 48 carbon atoms. The ketones may be prepared by known methods, for example by pyrolysis of the corresponding fatty acid magnesium salts. The ketones may be symmetrical or non-symmetrical in their structure although the two substituents R
2
and R
3
preferably differ from one another by only one carbon atom and are derived from fatty acids containing 16 to 22 carbon atoms. Caprinone, laurone and stearone are distinguished by particularly advantageous pearlescent properties.
Fatty Ethers
Component (a3) consists of fatty ethers corresponding to formula (III):
R
4
—O—R
5
(III)
in which R
4
and R
5
independently of one another are alkyl and/or alkenyl groups containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, with the proviso that they contain in all at least 18, preferably 24 and more preferably 32 to 48 carbon atoms. Fatty ethers of the type mentioned are normally prepared by acidic condensation of the corresponding fatty alcohols. Fatty ethers having particularly advantageous pearlescent properties are obtained by condensation of fatty alcohols containing 16 to 22 carbon atoms, for example cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and/or erucyl alcohol. Distearyl ether is particularly preferred.
Fatty Carbonates
Component (a4) consists of fatty carbonates corresponding to formula (IV):
R
6
—CO—OR
7
(IV)
in which R
6
and R
7
independently of one another are optionally hydroxyfunctionalized alkyl and/or alkenyl groups containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, with the proviso that they contain in all at least 18, preferably 24 and more preferably 32 to 48 carbon atoms. The compounds are obtained, for example, by transesterifying dimethyl or diethyl carbonate with the corresponding fatty alcohols or hydroxyalcohols using methods known per se. Accordingly, the fatty carbonates may have a symmetrical or non-symmetrical structure. However, carbonates in which R
6
and R
7
are the same and represent alkyl groups containing 16 to 22 carbon atoms are preferably used. Transesterification products of dimethyl or diethyl carbonate with cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, 12-hydroxystearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and/or erucyl alcohol in the form of their mono- and diesters and technical mixtures thereof are particularly preferred.
The fatty compounds may be used in quantities of 1 to 99.9% by weight, based on the concentrates, and are normally used in quantities of 5 to 75% by weight, preferably in quantities of 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably in quantities of 15 to 30% by weight.
Emulsifiers
The pearl
Ansmann Achim
Kawa Rolf
Drach John E.
Gupta Yogendra
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Trzaska Steven J.
Webb Gregory E.
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