Aqueous hair aerosol styling aids

Details Aqueous hair aerosol styling aids Aqueous hair aerosol styling aids

1999-12-07

2001-09-18

Bawa, Raj (Department: 1619)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Effervescent or pressurized fluid containing

Organic pressurized fluid

C424S047000, C424S070100, C424S070120, C424S070210, C424S070220, C424S070270, C424S070310, C424S070110, C424SDIG001, C424SDIG002, C514S063000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06290932

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to aqueous hair styling aids, especially hair styling mousses, which incorporate a volatile silicone and which have improved strength and durability of hair hold and superior sensory feel.
2. Background and Prior Art
Hair styling aids such as hair styling mousses provide human hair with a temporary set which can be removed by water or by shampooing, and function by applying a thin film of a resin or gum onto the hair to adhere adjacent hairs together so that they retain the particular shape or configuration at the time of application.
Conventional hair styling mousses typically utilise a hair setting polymer, water, surfactant and propellant gas, with optional adjuvants such as aesthetic agents, fragrance and hair conditioning agents. The conditioning agents used have included silicone-type materials.
EP 0 523 388 discloses an aqueous hair styling aid or mousse composition incorporating a non-volatile silicone compound or other water-insoluble, emulsifiable conditioning agent. The preferred non-volatile silicone compound is a 3:1 mixture of a low molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane fluid and a higher molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane gum.
EP 0 205 306 discloses the use of high molecular weight silicone materials in styling mousses. These are defined as polydiorganosiloxanes having a viscosity of at least 100,000 cst. The high molecular weight silicone is dissolved in the propellant phase prior to filling the aerosol container.
A problem is that those silicone materials which are typically used as conditioning agents in hair care applications tend to make the hair too soft to form and retain a style.
CA 1 214 106 describes that the use of cyclic silicone fluids in ethanol-based aerosol hairspray compositions provides increased holding power and softer feel compared with formulations containing silicone glycols as plasticising materials for the hairspray resin. However this publication is concerned entirely with ethanol-based systems, and none of the formulations disclosed contain any water. Increasingly with the advent of legislation concerning the volatile organic content of hairsprays, it has become desirable to formulate systems with relatively high water content.
EP 0 657 157 A1 discloses that particular volatile linear and cyclic alkylmethylsilicones can be substituted for a portion of the water in a low VOC compliant styling aid formulation, and form compatible systems when combined with water and ethanol in certain prescribed ranges of these three ingredients. This publication is concerned specifically with alkylmethylsilicones having in the molecule methyl and alkyl groups which include six, seven or eight carbon atoms.
The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that the strength and durability of hair hold delivered by a hair styling resin in an aqueous hair styling mousse can be significantly increased by the inclusion in the formulation of certain volatile silicones selected from linear and cyclic dimethylsilicones. Advantageously, hair styling mousses of the invention also exhibit superior sensory feel.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an aqueous hair styling aid comprising:
(i) from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on total weight, of a volatile silicone selected from cyclic silicones having the general formula (I):
[(CH
3
)
2
Si—O—]hd n  (I)
wherein n=3-7, and short chain linear silicones having the general formula (II):
(CH
3
)
3
Si—O—[Si(CH
3
)
2
O]
n
Si(CH
3
)
3
  (II)
wherein n=1-7;
(ii) from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on total weight, of a hair styling polymer;
(iii) from 0.01% to 5% by weight, based on total weight, of a surfactant;
(iv) at least 5% by weight, based on total weight, of water; and
(v) from 0% to 30% by weight, based on total weight, of an aerosol propellant,
in which the weight ratio of (i):(ii) ranges from 5:1 to 1:10.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Volatile Silicone
The term “volatile” as used herein means that the material in question has a measurable vapour pressure.
The viscosity of the volatile silicone is generally less than 10 cst at 25° C. Viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set out further in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM004 Jul. 20, 1970.
Preferred cyclic silicones are dimethyl siloxane cyclic tetramer (n=4 in general formula (I)) and dimethyl siloxane cyclic pentamer (n=5 in general formula (I)).
Preferred short chain linear silicones generally have viscosities of less than 5 cst at 25° C.
Silicones of the above described types are widely available, e.g. from Dow Corning as DC 244, 245, 344, 345 and 200 fluids; Union Carbide as Silicone 7202 and 7158, and Stauffer Chemical as SWS-03314.
The amount of the volatile silicone may range from 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the total composition.
Hair Styling Polymer
The hair styling polymers employed in compositions of the present invention should be capable of forming a film and holding the hair of the user in place after evaporation of the volatile components of the hair styling composition.
Hair styling polymers are well known articles of commerce and many such polymers are available commercially which contain moieties which render the polymers cationic, anionic, amphoteric or nonionic in nature.
The amount of the polymer may range from 0.5 to 10%, preferably 0.75 to 6% by weight of the total composition.
Examples of anionic hair styling polymers are:
copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid;
terpolymers of vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and a vinyl ester of an alpha-branched saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as vinyl neodecanoate;
copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (molar ratio about 1:1) wherein such copolymers are 50% esterified with a saturated alcohol containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol or butanol;
acrylic copolymers containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as the anionic radical-containing moiety with other monomers such as: esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with one or more saturated alcohols having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms (such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate and behenyl acrylate); glycols having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (such as hydroxypropyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate); styrene; vinyl caprolactam; vinyl acetate; acrylamide; alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group (such as methacrylamide, t-butyl acrylamide and n-octyl acrylamide); and other compatible unsaturated monomers.
The polymer may also contain grafted silicone, such as polydimethylsiloxane.
Specific examples of suitable anionic hair styling polymers are:
RESYN® 28-2930 available from National Starch (vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer);
Ultrahold® 8 available from BASF (CTFA designation Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer);
the Gantrez® ES series available from ISP corporation (esterified copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride).
Other suitable anionic hair styling polymers include carboxylated polyurethanes. Carboxylated polyurethane resins are linear, hydroxyl-terminated copolymers having pendant carboxyl groups. They may be ethoxylated and/or propoxylated at least at one terminal end. The carboxyl group can be a carboxylic acid group or an ester group, wherein the alkyl moiety of the ester group contains one to three carbon atoms. The carboxylated polyurethane resin can also be a copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and a polyurethane, having a CTFA designation PVP/polycarbamyl polyglycol ester. Suitable carboxylated polyurethane resins are disclosed in EP 0 619 111 A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,000,955. Other suitable hydrophilic polyurethanes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,822,238; 4,156,066; 4,156,067; 4,255,550; and 4,743,673.
Amphoteric polymers which can contain cationic groups derived f

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