Aqueous cosmetic compounds

Details Aqueous cosmetic compounds Aqueous cosmetic compounds

1999-12-23

2002-01-01

Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Topical body preparation containing solid synthetic organic...

C424S401000, C424S400000, C424S070100, C524S460000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06335005

ABSTRACT:

The invention relates to the use of an emulsion polymer in aqueous cosmetic compositions, wherein the emulsion polymer is obtainable by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture A comprising from 50 to 100% by weight, based on the monomer mixture, of C
1
-C
18
alkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl esters, vinylaromatic compounds or mixtures thereof in the presence of a Polymer B which has been built up from
b
1
) from 5 to 50% by weight of monomers having at least one ionic group or one group which can be converted into an ionic group,
b
2
) from 0 to 95% by weight of C
1
-C
18
alkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl esters, vinylaromatic compounds or mixtures thereof, and
b
3
) from 0 to 50% by weight of further monomers,
the glass transition temperature of the polymer built up from monomer mixture A being less than or equal to that of the polymer B.
Aqueous cosmetic compositions, including nail varnish compositions, are already known from EP-A-424 122. As binders, the compositions described therein comprise an emulsion polymer with a core/shell structure, where the glass transition temperature of the (hydrophilic) shell is at least 10° C. lower than that of the core. The nail varnish compositions described show a still inadequate adhesion to keratin-containing substrates, in other words to fingernails.
EP-A-727 441 (O.Z. 0050/45626) discloses emulsion polymers which are obtainable by polymerization in the presence of a polymeric protective colloid.
It is an object of the present invention to provide aqueous cosmetic compositions which have good adhesion to keratin-containing substrates and produce films with good water resistance, good gloss, sufficient hardness and high transparency.
We have found that this object is achieved by the use defined at the outset.
As used below, the term monomer represents free-radically copolymerizable compounds having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group.
The emulsion polymer is preferably prepared by emulsion polymerization of the monomer mixture A) in the presence of a polymer B).
The polymer B) consists preferably of
from 10 to 30% by weight of monomers b
1
),
from 60 to 90% by weight of monomers b
2
) and
from 0 to 30% by weight of monomers b
3
).
The percentages by weight are based in each case on the polymer B).
Suitable monomers b
1
) can be acidic or anionic, basic or cationic, or amphoteric monomers.
It is also possible for anionic and cationic monomers to be present simultaneously in polymer B), with one of the two types of monomer being in excess, from a molar standpoint, so that the dispersion prepared therewith is anionic or cationic. This can be sensible, for example, when one of the two types of monomer brings about an additional advantage, such as improved adhesion or dispersion stability.
Examples of anionic or acidic monomers are polymerizable carboxylic acid derivatives, such as: (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid and its anhydrides and monoesters, fumaric acid and its monoesters, itaconic acid;
unsaturated sulfonic acid derivatives, such as: styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or salts thereof;
unsaturated phosphoric or phosphonic acid derivatives, such as: vinylphosphonic acid or the monophosphates of polymerizable alcohols such as butanediol monoacrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Examples of cationic or basic monomers are (meth)acrylic esters or (meth)acrylamides of amino alcohols, such as dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates or dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides, for instance N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylates, N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, dialkylaminostyrenes, for example N,N-dimethylaminostyrene and N,N-dimethylaminomethylstyrene, vinylpyridines, such as 4-vinylpyridine and 2-vinylpyridine, and also compounds which can be prepared by quaternization of the abovementioned basic monomers using known quaternizing reagents such as alkyl halides, benzyl halides, dialkyl sulfates, etc.
Examples of amphoteric monomers are N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine and N-carboxymethyl-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine.
Acid groups or tertiary amino groups can be converted into ionic groups by forming salts or by quaternization.
Examples of monomers b
2
) (principal monomers) are C
1
-C
9
-alkyl, especially C
1
-C
8
-alkyl (meth)acrylates, such as methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and n-butyl methacrylate.
Lauryl or stearyl (meth)acrylates can also be mentioned.
Also suitable in particular are mixtures of alkyl (meth) acrylates.
Vinyl esters of carboxylic acids having 1 to 20 C atoms are, for example, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl propionate and vinyl acetate.
Suitable vinylaromatic compounds are vinyltoluene, &agr;- and p-methylstyrene, &agr;-butylstyrene, 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-n-decylstyrene and, preferably, styrene.
The monomers b
2
) are also preferably employed in a mixture.
Vinylaromatic compounds such as styrene are frequently employed, for example, in a mixture with C
1
-C
18
-alkyl (meth)acrylates, especially with C
1
-C
18
-alkyl (meth)acrylates.
Examples of further ethylenically unsaturated monomers b
3
) are hydroxyl-containing monomers such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates, for example hydroxypropyl or hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, amides or substituted amides of ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids, for example acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, and the N-methylolacrylamides and N-methylolmethacrylamides which are etherified with C
1
-C
6
monohydric alcohols. Crosslinking monomers, for example with two vinyl groups, although they can also be used, are preferably absent from the polymer B or, if present, then only in small amounts, for example below 0.2% by weight, based on the polymer B.
Also deserving of mention are nitrites, vinyl halides and nonaromatic hydrocarbons.
Examples of nitrites are acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
The vinyl halides are ethylenically unsaturated compounds substituted by chlorine, fluorine or bromine, preferably vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride.
Nonaromatic hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 C atoms and one or two olefinic double bonds which may be mentioned are butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene, and also ethylene, propylene and isobutylene. Nonaromatic hydrocarbons having two double bonds are less preferred principal monomers for preparing the protective colloid.
The weight-average molecular weight (M
w
) of the polymer B) is preferably more than 10,000, particularly preferably more than 20,000 to 200,000 and, with very particular preference, from 40,000 to 120,000 (determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as standard and tetrahydrofuran as eluent).
The polymer B) can be prepared, for example, by bulk polymerization, in other words without solvent, or—preferably—by solution polymerization.
The polymers B) prepared by bulk or solution polymerization are preferred, since the polymers are more uniform in structure and include an incorporated hydrophobic (oil-soluble) initiator.
Examples of suitable solvents are those having a boiling point of below 100° C. at 1 bar or those which with water form an azeotrope which can easily be distilled off from the aqueous polymer dispersion if desired. Advantageously, it is also possible to use film-forming aids, such as butylglycol, butyldiglycol or butoxypropanol, as solvents. In this way, subsequent addition of these auxiliaries becomes unnecessary.
Examples which may be given of solvents are butanol, isobutanol, propanol, ethanol, methanol and methyl ethyl ketone.
The ethylenically unsaturated monomers can be polymerized, for example, in a known manner by means of anionic or preferably free-radical polymerization, preferably in the presence of initiators. Examples of free-radical initiators are azobiscarboxamides, azobiscarbonitriles, peracid esters or peroxides. The amount of initiator is preferably from 0.2 to 5, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on the

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