Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Inhibiting chemical or physical change of food by contact... – Including step of packaging
Patent
1989-10-27
1992-03-03
Paden, Carolyn
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Inhibiting chemical or physical change of food by contact...
Including step of packaging
426332, 426335, 452 74, 134 253, A23L 131
Patent
active
050931407
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
This invention relates to an aqueous bactericide which is used in order to keep slaughter plant dressing meat animals to, for example, chicken, turkey, beef or pork, clean and to maintain the qualities of the meat in an excellent condition.
PRIOR ART
Recent increase in the demand for animal proteins has brought about rapid development of the poultry and cattle meat industries. Accordingly, it has been attempted in this field to enlarge and automate a meat treatment plant to thereby increase the yield, improve the qualities and lower the cost. It is very important in such a meat treatment plant to keep the final cattle or poultry meat free from any microbial contamination.
For example, poultry are generally treated in a poultry treatment plant in the following manner: hanging--bleeding--scalding--plucking and dehairing--gutting--washing--chilling--cutting--packing storing.
Prior to plucking and dehairing, the plumage are generally scalded at a temperature of 50.degree. to 60.degree. C. for 30 to 120 sec.
Prior to scalding, various bacteria, including Escherichia coli, adhere to the poultry. It is sometimes observed that the poultry are contaminated with bacteria toxic to man, for example, genus Salmonella or genus Campylobacter. After the initiation of scalding, therefore, the bacterial count in the scalding water is increased, which, causes the bacterial contamination of poultry which are less contaminated. In addition, the instruments to be used after the plucking and dehairing stage also become contaminated thereby.
Thus, it is necessary to develop a method for pasteurizing poultry at an early stage of treatment, namely, the scalding stage to thereby minimize contamination in subsequent stages and thus supply safe poultry meat free from any bacterial contamination.
In the United States, this requirement is urgent, and thus a number of methods therefor have been examined [cf., e.g., J. Food. Prot. 49 (7), 500-503 (1986)]. In one such method, a water tank is provided to scald dehaired poultry and bacteria such as genus Salmonella are pasteurized with an aqueous solution of acetic acid. According to this method, however, an additional stage must be added to the existing poultry or cattle treatment process, which brings about some undesirable problems, for example, an increase in the treatment cost caused by increases in the equipment cost and treatment stages.
Furthermore, water is commonly used alone in the washing stage following the gutting stage. However, the poultry are sometimes newly contaminated with bacteria during gutting. Thus there is a fear that the contaminated poultry are supplied as a meat product as such.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present inventors have studied in order to develop an aqueous bactericide which can impart a bactericidal effect to the scalding water per se widely used in the scalding stage and also is safe as a food additive. As a result, they have succeeded in the achievement of a satisfactory bactericidal effect by using an inexpensive composition.
Furthermore, they have found, though in a preliminary test, that the application of an aqueous bactericide of the same composition as the one described above to the washing liquor to be used in the washing stage following gutting would be effective in obtaining clean products.
Namely, the present invention relates to an aqueous bactericide containing organic acid(s) for animal treatment, which is to be used in the scalding or washing stage in a dressing process for meat collection.
When the aqueous bactericide of the present invention contains one organic acid, said organic acid may be selected from among aliphatic carboxylic acids except acetic acid and aliphatic hydroxy carboxylic acids. For example, it may exclusively contain approximately 0.05% by weight of malic acid or 0.05% by weight of lactic acid.
Furthermore, the aqueous bactericide of the present invention may contain a mixture of two or more organic acids. For example, it may preferably contain malic acid, acetic acid, lacti
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patent: 3831389 (1974-08-01), Lipone
patent: 4021585 (1977-05-01), Svoboda
patent: 4207347 (1980-06-01), D'Atri
patent: 4476112 (1984-10-01), Aversano
patent: 4683618 (1987-08-01), O'Brien
patent: 4766646 (1988-08-01), Parker
patent: 4852216 (1989-08-01), Clayton
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Chikusan no Kenkyu, vol. 43(7) 831-838, 1989 (translation).
CA 111(23):213522u.
Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd.
Eisai Co. Ltd.
Paden Carolyn
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