Dispensing – Collapsible wall-type container – Plural container and/or compartment
Patent
1989-02-27
1990-11-13
Kashnikow, Andres
Dispensing
Collapsible wall-type container
Plural container and/or compartment
222105, 2223865, 22240216, 22240224, 141 3, B65D 3522
Patent
active
049695770
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the storage and the controlled deliver of products under pressure. This apparatus, compared with conventional spray cans, makes it possible to use either a reduced quantity of liquid gas or else compressed gases as the propelling force.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The ban on halogenated hydrocarbons, known under the names of FRIGEN or FREON, has led to the extensive use of hydrocarbons such as propane and butane, or dimethylether and mixtures of these. Both FRIGEN and FREON are hazardous for the ozone layer that surrounds the earth, and butane and propane, as well as dimethylether, are dangerous for the filling industry because of their explosive characteristics, as well as for the user, since deaths have been caused by the explosion of these substances.
In addition to these flammable gases, it is known that non-inflammable, only partially halogenated FREON 22 (chemical formula CHClF.sub.2) can be used as a propellant. This can also be used in the USA and in the Scandinavian countries, where both FREON and FRIGEN are banned, because FREON 22 contains an additional hydrogen atom and, for this reason, is not as persistent as the fully-halogenated hydrocarbons. Since, however, the vapour pressure of the non-inflammable FREON 22 is extremely high and at 20.degree. C. is approximately 9 bar, it must either be mixed with a gas with a lower vapour pressure, such as dimethylether or butane (which are flammable), or else used in reduced quantities, which is to say, between 18-50%-wt, depending on container quality. In particular, its use in glass vessels, without any plastic, for toilet preparations is problematic. This is because a pressure of 1.5 bar at 20.degree. C. must not be exceeded but, depending on the content of water or ether oil, this pressure is reached at a FREON 22 content of 18%-20%. Since, however, the atomizing quality of conventional sprays depends to a great extent on the proportion of liquid gas, and thus on its expansion, the percentage of approximately 20% FREON 22 in place of the normal 50% FREON 114/12 is not sufficient to atomize toilet water such that the size of the droplets is so fine that the spray will be perceived as "not wet."
Metal cans are also subject to pressure limits imposed by law, so that here, too, one has to work with smaller quantities of FREON 22 that are smaller than those used in conventional spray cans.
The search for a solution for the problem described above has lead to a spray nozzle as described in European Patent No. 0000688, which produces extremely fine vaporization by purely mechanical means. In addition, apparatus have been developed as described in European Patent Nos. 0057226 and 0109361, and in PCT-application CH86/00103, published on Jan. 20, 1987 under the number WO87/00513, that permit the use of compressed air instead of liquid gas as the propellant, wherein, despite a diminishing propellant pressure, an almost constant ejection rate per unit time and a steady particle size are achieved.
Both the use of a reduced quantity of liquid gas, of only approximately 20%, or of compressed air, leads to difficulties. The aerosols that are commercially available all permit some leakage of the product after use, despite the fact that the valve has been closed. If such a valve is used with a high (normal) percentage of liquid gas, one cannot detect this leakage, because when in their liquid phase these gases simultaneously serve as solvents mixed with the active product. They are expelled in liquid form when the valve is opened which leads, when in contact with atmospheric pressure, to an explosion-like vaporization of both the liquid gas as well as of the product carrier, such as alcohol or water. If, however, one uses compressed gas such as air or nitrogen as the propellant, or if one uses a lower percentage of liquid gas, e.g. less than 25%, then this rapid-vaporization factor is either absent or else is so small that the violent vaporization that conceal
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Huson Gregory L.
Kashnikow Andres
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