Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals – Carrier is inorganic
Patent
1982-08-09
1986-04-15
Marantz, Sidney
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals
Carrier is inorganic
250227, 250302, 250365, 356 731, 356445, 422 57, 422 68, 436172, 436805, G01N 3353, G01N 33533, G01N 33552, G01N 2164
Patent
active
045828091
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for fluorescent immunoassay utilizes total internal reflection at the interface between a solid phase and a liquid phase of lower index of refraction to produce an evanescent wave in the liquid phase. The solid phase is arranged and illuminated so as to provide multiple total internal reflections at the interface. In a preferred embodiment, the solid phase is in the form of an optical fiber to which is immobilized a component of the complex formed in the immunochemical reaction. A fluorophore is attached to another component of the complex. The fluorescent labelled component may be either the complement to or an analog of the immobilized component, depending on whether competitive or sandwich assays are to be performed. In the case of competitive assays, the labelled component is preferably pre-loaded to the immobilized component in a controlled concentration. The fiber (and the attached constituent of the assay) is immersed in the liquid phase sample. The evanescent wave is used to excite fluorescence in the liquid phase, and that fluorescence which tunnels back into the solid phase and accumulates during multiple reflections while channeled in the solid phase is detected. Diffusional preconcentration onto the reactive surface and double passing enhance the signal and signal/background ratio.
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Block Myron J.
Hirschfeld Tomas B.
Block Myron J.
Marantz Sidney
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