Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Including means applying fluid to material
Patent
1998-08-27
2000-05-23
Rosenbaum, Mark
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Including means applying fluid to material
2411881, B02C 2324
Patent
active
060656972
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
The invention concerns an apparatus for treating composite elements comprising solid organic and/or inorganic composite materials such as composites of metal/metal, plastic/plastic, metal/plastic or mineral composites with metals and/or plastics.
Composite elements of that kind are for example tin-plated copper conductor tracks of circuit arrangements, fibre-reinforced plastic materials or copper-plated aluminium wires in co-extruded or laminated form. Thus metal-metal composites--for example in the case of coaxial cables--primarily comprise a metal carrier, for example an aluminium wire, with a galvanically or thermally applied copper layer, while plastic-plastic laminates, in the situation of use involving packaging foil for foodstuffs, comprise a plastic carrier formed by polyamides (PA) with polyethylene (PE) which is co-extruded therewith, laminated therewith or applied thereto by a lining procedure. Plastic-metal composites are also joined together by a lining or laminating procedure, for example in the case of a glass fibre epoxy plate as a carrier with the application of copper as a base material for printed circuits. Metal-plastic composites include inter alia a carrier of aluminium sheet with a protective foil stuck thereon comprising polypropylene (PP) for facing or facade panels and weather-protective cladding arrangements.
Those composite elements give rise to problems in particular in terms of disposal as hitherto the materials in the composite have not been separated. Nowadays those composite elements are almost exclusively dumped or burnt--which is not environmentally friendly--and they are thus taken out of economic circulation.
The composite elements which in future will have to be disposed of in an orderly fashion include in particular also residues from the packaging sector. It is precisely in that area that co-extruded and laminated products have hitherto been irreplaceable as the materials in the composite have in combination excellent packaging properties.
In the conventional processing procedure, the composite element is broken up by way of the grain or particle size which is smaller than the respective layer thickness of the components. This breaking-up operation is generally effected by using an at least one-stage very fine crushing operation using suitable mills, for example hammer, impact or counter-flow mills, possibly with the assistance of nitrogen for inerting and deep-freezing purposes.
The applicants' DE-OS No 195 09 808 describes a process by means of which solids particles are produced from the specified composite elements and the particles are fed to a transport fluid such as air, wherein at least one flow obstacle which crosses the flow of the mixture of solids particles and transport fluid is moved relative to that flow, acting as a break-away edge for forming downstream turbulence phenomena which break up the mixture by an acceleration effect. At the transition into those turbulence effects, there is both an abrupt increase in the acceleration of the solids particles and also their friction against each other, which causes them to break up. The mixture of transport fluid and solids particles is fed to the separation or break-up procedure at the break-away edges at an acceleration of between 20 and 25 m/sec.sup.2 after the composite elements to be treated have been coarsely crushed or however compacted prior to the separation or break-up procedure. In accordance with DE-OS No 195 09 808 the composite substances are pre-crushed to form particles which are above the grain size of fine crushing operations and are then fed to the separation or break-up zone and thus accelerated in the air flow. The individual substances in the composite are liberated and the physically different metallic layers and also the plastic layers separate from each other. That separation procedure takes place along the phase boundaries.
FR-A 1 562 013 discloses a crushing mill with a rotor having a plurality of rotary disks, and a cylindrical housing which embraces the rotor, in whic
REFERENCES:
patent: 2752097 (1956-06-01), Lecher
patent: 3221998 (1965-12-01), Lykken
patent: 4747550 (1988-05-01), Jackering
Engel Rudolf
Muther Christoph
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