Liquid purification or separation – With repair or assembling means – Placement of container opens flow controller
Patent
1982-10-22
1984-06-12
Sever, Frank
Liquid purification or separation
With repair or assembling means
Placement of container opens flow controller
494 33, 494 37, 210370, B04B 502
Patent
active
044540418
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the mechanical separation of materials of different specific gravity, and is of particular application to the separation of minerals.
BACKGROUND ART
The mechanical separation of mineral particles according to their specific gravity is achieved in a variety of ways including the process of jigging. In a conventional jig, particles in a thick suspension in a slurry are repeatedly allowed to fall, stratifying the particles into layers which are then removed.
The efficient operation of such equipment requires sizing of the feed product, and particles of small size which inevitably are produced in crushing and milling, cannot be recovered by normal processing. Such smaller particles in wet processing become what is termed "slimes", and the forces available to shear these particles from the viscous fluid and to separate them from large particles of lower specific gravity are, in prior art processes, inadequate.
An essential characteristic of the jigging process is repetitive acceleration of the particles, separation occurring due to the fact that the heavy particles have a greater initial acceleration and speed than the light particles. In the case of small particles furthermore, these must have sufficient acceleration also to overcome fluid resistance, which is of great significance in the case of particles having a large surface area, for example gold particles which have been flattened in the grinding process.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to the provision of apparatus and methods whereby separation of such smaller particles can be achieved in an efficient manner. In accordance with the invention, repetitive acceleration of the particles is achieved by the cyclic generation of centrifugal force. In this way not only is the necessary repetitive acceleration achieved, but also forces many times that of gravity may be employed, enabling the separation of small particles from the fluid and the rapid separation of particles according to their specific gravity.
The use of centrifugal force for the separation of solids from a fluid is of course well known. In the present invention, however, centrifugal force is combined with jigging to achieve separation of particles of high specific gravity. As will be explained below, the process of separation which results is quite different from that which is achieved by conventional centrifuging, and far superior to that obtained by means of a conventional jig.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a partly sectioned side elevation of a jig embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment, with the separation guards removed;
FIG. 3 is an elevation of the main frame member of the jig of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the main frame member;
FIG. 5 shows curves of particle migration speed in a centrifuge;
FIG. 6 shows the path of a point on a drum of the embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows the forces exerted on a particle in operation of the embodiment;
FIG. 8 shows curves of particle migration speed against time under repetitive high acceleration of orders produced in jigs according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The illustrated apparatus comprises a base 20 which is provided with an integral central column 21. Mounted centrally within the base 20 is an hydraulic motor 22 the shaft of which is connected to a vertical driving shaft 23 mounted within the column 21 by means of bearings 24.
Mounted on the upper end of the shaft 23, beyond the column 21, is a main frame member 25. This member is mounted to the shaft by means of splines and a nut 26, and revolves about the column 21 on which it is supported by bearings 27 and 28.
Extending from the central portion of the frame member 25 are upper and lower flanges 29 and 30 respectively. As shown particularly in FIGS. 3 and 4, these flanges are shaped to provide for equally circumferentially spaced lobes, and provide for the mounting of bucket shafts 31. In the lower flange there are
REFERENCES:
patent: 1665065 (1928-04-01), Malloy
patent: 1861878 (1932-06-01), Quiroz
patent: 2546427 (1951-03-01), Bullen
patent: 2822127 (1958-02-01), Sinn
patent: 3292350 (1966-12-01), Tasset
patent: 3627138 (1971-12-01), Peck
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