Electric heating – Microwave heating – Tunnel furnace
Patent
1993-07-02
1995-04-18
Leung, Philip H.
Electric heating
Microwave heating
Tunnel furnace
219710, 219759, H05B 678
Patent
active
054080746
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an apparatus for microwave irradiation of materials.
2. Description of Related Art
From DE-OS 32 24 114 an apparatus of this kind is known which serves for heating liquids and in particular for cracking used oil that flows through pipelines including a cracking pipe of oxide ceramic or of similar non-polar materials and is heated by microwave irradiation up to temperatures of about 700.degree. C. and is thereby fractionated. To generate the microwave radiation a number of so-called power packets are arranged along the cracking pipe.
This known apparatus is disadvantageous insofar as its use is restricted to the heating of polar liquids by direct irradiation thereof with microwaves, and a change in the degree to which the liquid is heated cannot be effected without a corresponding change the radiation dose applied to the liquid.
Described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,805,009 is an apparatus for acting on foodstuffs with microwaves, during frying in an oil bath. In this known apparatus the foodstuffs are conveyed on a horizontal circulating conveyor belt under a microwave application chamber through the provided heating zone. A plurality of antennas in the form of rods extending transversely are provided in the middle region of the application chamber. Arranged before and after the antennas in the application chamber are material layers arranged one above the other of which the upper layer consists of a microwave absorbing material, while the lower layer consists of a dielectric material such as Pyroceran. The purpose of the layered arrangement is to reduce or restrict the application of microwaves to the foodstuffs.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to enable independent adjustment of the heating and the radiation dosing of microwave-treated materials.
This object is achieved by means of a trough or pipe arrangement, a resonator surrounding at least a length of the wall and at least one generator for generating the microwave radiation, with the wall of the trough or pipe arrangement having microwave-absorption properties that are different at different locations along the length of the pipe.
The apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to provide, along the throughput direction, any desired ratio of the proportion of microwave radiation that is absorbed by the wall and serves to heat the wall or to heat the additional material and thus to indirectly heat the material to be treated, and the remaining proportion that penetrates the wall and/or the additional material and enters the material to be treated.
For this purpose, two parameters are available which, in association with a third parameter and by corresponding mutual adjustment, enable selective adjustment of the heating and of the radiation dosing of microwave treated materials independently of one another. The third parameter is the adjustable radiation power of the microwaves generated by the generator concerned. It is therefore possible, for example, to heat to a greater extent polar as well as non-polar materials by increasing the radiation power together with the microwave-absorption by the wall, and by corresponding adjustment of these two parameters it can be achieved that the wall absorbs more, in an amount corresponding to the increase in the radiation power, i.e. to such an extent that as a further parameter the proportion of radiation passing through the wall and thus the radiation dosing of the material remain unchanged. In a corresponding manner the radiation dosing can be changed whilst a constant temperature is maintained. It is clearly also possible to change the heating and the radiation dosing simultaneously in a selective manner.
The microwave-absorption properties of the wall can be changed not only by the selection of the microwave-absorbing capacity determined by the material composition of the wall, but also, in the case of a microwave absorbing wall, by its thickness.
The ability to selectively change the relationship b
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Lautenschlager Werner
Riedel Hartmut
Warmbier Bernd
Leung Philip H.
Oscar Gossler KG (GmbH & Co.)
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