Electric resistance heating devices – Heating devices – Convection space heater
Patent
1988-04-04
1992-03-17
Shoop, Jr., William M.
Electric resistance heating devices
Heating devices
Convection space heater
392360, H05B 100
Patent
active
050975315
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention refers to an apparatus for the oxidation of particles suspended in the air, comprising a plurality of ducts open at both ends, within which is disposed a resistive wire.
Brazilian patent application PI 8302255 of the same inventor discloses an air sterilization system using a high temperature gradient ducts, inside which resistive nickel-chromium wires are axially introduced, the ducts being preferably cylindrical.
Experiments have demonstrated that such a system is viable only if some parameters are observed which are not considered in said application.
The present invention aims to provide an improvement of said system, in order to permit a rapid oxidation of particle suspended in the air, under application of a relatively low total power and with high efficiency.
This aim is achieved by the invention due to the fact that said ducts 5 have a maximum volume of 10.sup.-3 m.sup.3 and a maximum cross section area of 1 cm.sup.2, the length and cross section being dimensioned in such a way that the minimum permanence time of the air mass within the ducts 5 is 0.01 second and the minimum power density within the ducts is 50 KW/m.sup.3.
Experiments have shown that by maintaining the above parameters it is possible to achieve a sterilization with high efficiency and low costs in closed ambience.
The present invention provides a new way of achieving the oxidation of particles suspended in the air in ambience, should they be alive forms or inaminated, reducing also the relative humidity in a surprisingly efficient manner. The high oxidation rate, which is achieved inside the ducts, promotes the elimination of microorganisms from the air by means of the oxidation of the proteins as well as eliminates odors and oxidates some molecular forms of gases such as CO (toxicant) transforming it CO.sub.2 (inert to human organism). It refers to an improvement of extreme importance on the asepsis methods, pollution control, conservation of works of art, conservation of agricultural products and the like.
According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention is basically composed by three systems: the first one is a refractory material block provided with more than a hundred capillaries whereby a high power density is generated; the second one is a control system and the third is a propulsive system.
Those systems are interconnected in such a way that the set works as an only system.
A preferred embodiment consists in executing the ducts as cylindrical perforations in a refractory block disposed inside a box, which is provided below the block, with a fan for controlling the air flow, the fan being actuated by means of an electronic circuit, which, by its turn, is connected to a temperature sensor disposed within the block. This embodiment will be described afterwards in more detail.
An embodiment example utilizes a refractory material block of 7 cm thickness in which 120 trespassing cylindrical ducts without 2.0 to 2.5 mm diameter are provided, whereby a NiCr filament with a resistivity of 24.OMEGA./m is axially passed through the ducts, dissipating a total power of 500 W. The power dissipated in each duct is 3.5 W for a total length to the NiCr filament of 10 m.
The refractory material block has, preferably, the following weight composition: 45% SiO, 42% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 4% ZrO.sub.2, 1% TiO.sub.2, 6% CaO and 2% MgO. This refractory material has a thermal conductivity coefficient K=0,300 Kcal/h.degree.C. m/m.sup.2 at a temperature of 600.degree. C.
Effecting the calculation for this embodiment example, it is found:
a) The power density within each duct (up): ##EQU1##
b) Energy density transformed within each duct (uEtd): uEtd=up.times.t, where t is the average permanence time of the air mass within the duct. For t=0, 1s: uEtd=1.59.times.10.sup.6 J/m.sup.3
Considering the importance of the radiation in the infrared band in the oxidation process of particle:
c) Energy density in the infrared band (uEir):
d) Energy of each photon generated with the wave length ##EQU2##
e) Number of photons per cubic met
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patent: 4668855 (1987-05-01), Wilson et al.
patent: 4680448 (1987-07-01), Fester
Clover Electronica Limitada
Shoop Jr. William M.
Wysocki A. Jonathan
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