Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1996-03-15
1998-11-24
Elmore, Reba I.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
162 4, 162 60, 162253, 162262, G06F 1546
Patent
active
058416714
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Apparatus for the operation of a plant for producing deinked pulp with state analysers constructed in the form of neural networks for the waste paper suspension.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the production of deinked pulp using as great a proportion as possible of waste paper, one problem is that the quality of the waste paper introduced into an apparatus for waste paper preparation in the plant for producing deinked pulp, i.e. pulp intended for producing recycled paper, varies greatly. Depending on the respective mixture of the waste paper, it may contain greatly varying proportions of, for example, coloured illustrated-magazine papers, grey newsprint papers, white papers, soiled papers, old books, for example with glued spines, such as, telephone directories, cardboard articles, packaging, coated papers, contaminants of all kinds and much more besides. At least the operating means of the apparatus for waste paper preparation must consequently be suitably controlled by a closed-loop or open-loop system in a way dependent on the state of a respectively introduced charge of waste papers in order to obtain a waste paper suspension suitable for the production of deinked pulp and having approximately constant characteristic quality values.
For process control of the waste paper preparation, which is located at the beginning of the plant for producing deinked pulp, one important requirement is to meter as accurately as possible the addition of deinking chemicals and, if appropriate, dispersing chemicals in a way dependent on the current state of the waste paper fed in. Furthermore, the operating means of the waste paper preparation plant serving for homogenizing and sorting the cellulose fibres in the suspension should also be optimally controlled by an open-loop or closed-loop system. However, a prerequisite for exact process control of the waste paper preparation plant is the most accurate and fastest possible instrumentational recording at the intake of the waste paper preparation plant of selected characteristic values of the waste paper suspension obtained by disintegrating waste paper of extremely varied quality and type.
Until now, the state of the waste paper suspension was determined by the measurement of physical characteristic values only. These variables have the disadvantage, however, that they allow the state of the waste paper suspension to be represented only inaccurately with regard to the possible grades of waste paper fed to the preparation plant and their quality characteristics. Consequently, controlling operating means of the waste paper preparation plant with the aid of these variables is possible only inaccurately.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Against this background, the invention is based on the object of specifying an operating apparatus which permits the best possible process control of a plant for producing deinked pulp.
The object is achieved by the apparatus specified in claim 11. Advantageous further embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
The apparatus according to the invention includes at least one measuring device for recording spectral and/or physical characteristic values of a waste paper suspension fed in for waste paper preparation. Furthermore, there are selected closed-loop or open-loop control devices for influencing at least operating means of the waste paper preparation plant.
According to the invention, there is at least one state analyser, which is configured in the form of a single neural network or a plurality of parallel neural networks. This analyser is fed the characteristic values of the waste paper suspension, recorded by the measuring device, as input variables. The at least one state analyser determines from these input variables controlled variables which are output at least for process control to closed-loop or open-loop control devices for operating means of the waste paper preparation plant, and if appropriate additionally to closed-loop or open-loop control devices of a following dewatering machine for producing deinked pulp o
REFERENCES:
patent: 3016323 (1962-01-01), Altmann et al.
patent: 3025213 (1962-03-01), Copeland
patent: 5282131 (1994-01-01), Rudd et al.
Beaverstock, M. et al., "Pulp & Paper Applications of Neural Networks", TAPPI Proceedings, 1993 Process Control Conf. (Nashville) Proc., pp. 201-206.
Walker, R., "Artificial Intelligence," Papermaker (Mar. 1993), pp. 24-26.
Database Paperchem The Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA, US, AN 63-05322, "Controlling the Future Pulp Mill" (1992) 17-22.
Database Paperchem The Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA, US, AN 63-07946, Naito, T., "Overview of the Artificial Neural System and Possibility of Its Use in the Paper Industry", No. 8: 959-968 (Aug. 1992).
Elmore Reba I.
Rao Sheela S.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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