Power plants – Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy... – Fluid motor means is expansible chamber type with movable...
Patent
1985-03-05
1987-11-10
Hart, Douglas
Power plants
Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
Fluid motor means is expansible chamber type with movable...
60624, F02B 3700
Patent
active
047048689
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for the expansion of pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases, more especially from an internal combustion engine with at least one expansion chamber and an oscillating piston located in said expansion chamber as well as an output drive connected with the piston.
In many technical processes exhaust gases are produced in a pressurized condition, which are however allowed to escape without being utilized, because providing the amount of apparatus for the recovery of such usually low-grade energy would be uneconomic. One example of the exploitation of the energy of exhaust gases is to be seen in exhaust-driven chargers for pumping the charging or combustion air of an internal combustion engine.
In the case of internal combustion engines the pressurized exhaust gases are in a pulsating form. Pressure waves may be produced in exhaust gases under a steady pressure by a chopper.
Oscillating pistons, that either reciprocate linearly or rotate backwards and forwards may be used for making use of pressurized exhaust gases, but however such pistons make a complex automatic control system necessary to ensure that the energy of the exhaust gases only has a driving effect as opposed to a retarding one.
The object of the invention is to devise an apparatus of the sort initially specified such that the price advantages of oscillating pistons may be profited from, without elaborate automatic control means being needed.
In order to effect this object the output drive comprises a directional clutch that is so aligned that it produces a coupling connection in the direction of motion corresponding with expansion of the exhaust gas, and in that there is a returning means acting contrary to the direction of expansion of the exhaust gases.
This design ensures, without the employment of any special automatic control system, that the output drive is in all cases only acted upon by the expansion energy in the desired output drive direction. Since it is not possible for the return motion of the piston to be caused directly by the driven load owing to the presence of the directional clutch, the apparatus is provided with a returning means. This returning means may for example be in the form of a return spring or it may be a question of a system involving alternate action of the exhaust gas in opposite directions.
In the case of an apparatus with at least two expansion chambers acted upon oppositely by the exhaust gas, a useful development of the invention is possible such that each expansion means has a directional clutch and the two directional clutches are connected by means of a reversing means for output drive in the same direction.
An detailed account will now be given of working examples of the invention using the drawing.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross section through an apparatus of the invention designed as an expansion charger for internal combustion engines, in a form with oscillating vanes.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus incorporating the present invention with a single-acting. linearly moving piston.
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a working example of the invention similar to that of FIG. 2 with a double-acting piston and a reversing means.
The apparatus viewed in FIG. 1 has a housing 10, that has two chambers 12 and 14 in it, that are sector-like in cross section, which have their points turned towards each other and at their sector points are open towards a central shaft 16 bearinged in the housing 10 so that vanes 18 and 20, that are joined to the shaft 16 and function as oscillating pistons, may radially sweep the chambers 12 and 14, respectively, as far as their outer wall faces 22 and 24, respectively, that are concentric to the shaft 16. These vanes 18 and 20 divide the chambers 12 and 14, respectively, into two chamber parts 12a and 12b in the one case and 14a and 14b in the other case. The chamber parts 12a and 12b on the one hand and 14a and 14b on the other hand may be separated from each other by a very narrow gap or by suitable packings on the radially outer
REFERENCES:
patent: 2625006 (1953-01-01), Lundquist
patent: 3924576 (1975-12-01), Siewert
Hart Douglas
Lamprecht Helmut
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