Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1987-05-20
1989-02-21
Wayner, William E.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
177200, 73 65, A51B 510
Patent
active
048056375
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for detecting and correcting anomalies in the equilibrium of the human body, based on the interpretation of the distribution of the weight of the body on the bearing points of the feet.
It is known that the center of gravity of the human body is situated at the level of the third lumbar vertebra which forms one of the most important points of the spinal column for maintaining equilibrium, at the same time as one of the most vulnerable for it supports all the weight above it whereas all the party of the body below it is suspended therefrom. This third lumbar vertebra is the seat of the most current lesions of the column, for in all the changes of posture due to the mobility and to the locomotion of the human body, the center of gravity tends to maintain a vertical line going from the top of the head to the center of the planter arch, that is to say that all the movements of the body pass through this vertebra. Thus, the slightest bone or muscular lesion results in an attempt to compensate in the sense of a normal vertical line between the feet and the head which will result in an imbalance and a poor distribution of the loads on the plantar arch.
It is known that the weight of the body in the upright and motionless position must be normally distributed over three bearing points of the plantar arch.
The plantar arch does not form an equilateral triangle but has three arches and three bearing points which form a comparable structure. The bearing points are included in the contact zone with the ground which receives the plantar impression and they correspond to the head of the first metatarsal, to the head of the fifth metatarsal and to the posterior tuberosities of the calcaneum. Each bearing point is common to two adjacent arches. The internal arch (calcaneum-head of the first metatarsal) has the scaphoid as ground, the external arch (calcaneum-head of the fifth metatarsal) has the large apophysis of the calcaneum as crown. The front arch (head of the first metatarsal, head of the fifth metatarsal) has as crown the head of the second metatarsal. The weight of the body is distributed half on the forefoot and half on the rear foot, in line with the extension of the front edge of the leg, which corresponds to the crowns of the internal and external arches, that is to say to the center of the instep.
The distribution of the bearing pressures on the ground is very important for attaining equilibrium. In fact, it is the bearing pressures perceived by the sole of the feet which inform the nervous system as a whole, including internal ear and cerebellum. By reflex movements all the muscles for maintaining verticality, for opposing gravity contract and equilibrium is attained.
As soon as a defect of bearing on the ground appears, so a defect of sensorial plantar information, that causes a nervous stimulation and muscular response defects which ends in imbalance or an unstable equilibrium. With the center of gravity displaced, compensation forces are exerted by the body causing deformations, pains, even giddiness and impaired coordination.
To overcome these disturbances, it then seems necessary, on the one hand, for the person to be conscious of and estimate the anomaly of equilibrium of his body, and on the other hand to be able to correct this anomaly by progressively rectifying this position until he arrives at as good a distribution of his weight as possible.
Apparatus exist which allow the user to visualise the distribution of his weight on each of his legs and which include essentially two mobile bearing surfaces, independent and having a connection device of the same kind as the linkages existing in weight scales, which translate on a scale the difference of weight applied to each of these surfaces. To these apparatus subsidiary devices are added, such as cross ruled mirrors by means of which the person may have the image of his body and himself rectify the disymmetry of his position.
A construction such as described in FR-A-2 443 235 is also known in which two stages of su
REFERENCES:
patent: 3826145 (1974-07-01), McFarland
patent: 4492236 (1985-01-01), Pile
French Search Report.
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