Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids – Apparatus – With means to treat gas or vapor
Patent
1985-10-22
1987-01-13
Makay, Albert J.
Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids
Apparatus
With means to treat gas or vapor
F26B 2304
Patent
active
046353780
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for the dehumidifying masonary works in the case of dampness rising in the walling, which apparatus comprises capacitors and electrical conductors wound into coils, each of the two poles of a particular capacitor being connected to one end of a particular electrical conductor wound into a coil.
Considerable damage is caused in the walling of buildings by rising damp due to, for example, ground water, dammed-up water, percolating water or waters flowing underground.
Since all building materials are more or less porous, they take in the water because of their capillary action, with the result that the latter can rise within the walls.
Due to the osmotic pressure, the open circulation of water in a wet wall is conducted from the bottom to the top and at the latter point, by evaporation, to the outside. As a result of this transport of water an electric field is built up in the direction of the rising damp, and this field acts as a pump.
Damp walling leads not only to structural-engineering damage such as partial decay, crystalline blooms, encrustation etc., but can also lead to illnesses, e.g rheumatism, asthma, infectious diseases, etc., among people who reside in buildings with damp walling and in particular, a very uncomfortable room climate is also produced in such buildings.
The combating of rising damp in walls by inserting insulating layers is known. Various so-called electroosmoses methods are also known which generally require considerable structural measures, cannot be carried out at any point and without difficulty (drilling in house walls), and in many cases bear no relationship to the success achieved.
If the surfaces of two materials move past each other (friction), the two materials charge up electrically in the opposite sense at their boundary layers. If one material has a higher electrical conductivity under these circumstances than the other, then the first charges up positively and the second negatively.
If water moves in capillary walling, its electrical charge is opposite to that of the walling. An electrical potential difference, the ZETA POTENTIAL, arises between the two boundary layers. In these circumstances the water is drawn up in the capillaries by the opposite electrical charges and consequently wets wide areas of the walling. However, still other factors also have an influence, inter alia the salts dissolved in the water, the ionization of the air, etc. In the specialist world it is assumed that all these factors are influenced by the water conditions in the soil because underground flowing water is known to result in electric and magnetic fields which vary considerably in their strength, as a result of which the electrical conductivity of the water varies. In particular, these natural stimulated fields and increasingly also so-called civilization stimulated fields arising from technical installations (e.g high voltage lines laid in the ground etc.) act as further causes.
Depending on geophysical circumstances these stimulated fields extend over widely spread-out areas or stimulation zones. Now if such a zone extends through a building, the stimulated field becomes extremely inhomogeneous. In electrically insulating walling the field strength is greater than in the internal space it encloses, which fact results in the transport of the water molecules because of the strongly dielectric properties of water, either rising in the walling itself by capillary action or by diffusion to the walling from the air. This is the cause of the dampness formation.
As regards the physical nature of the stimulated fields, the specialist world, according to the latest knowledge, harbours the presumption that a stimulation zone represents a region in which strong activity of quiet atmospheric discharges prevails. These discharges have the character of charge fluctuations or of dipolar excited states, the description of which falls within the province of quantum physics. They appear to be related to the mechanism of the interval in atmospheric lightning discharge
REFERENCES:
patent: 4418481 (1983-12-01), Wehrli
Deutsche Bauzeitschrift, Feb. and Jun. 80, No. 2, 6, Gutersloh (DE) H. W. Tenge: "Elektrophysikalische Verfahren zur Mauertrockenlegung Teil I, II," pp. 249-257, see pp. 927-950.
Makay Albert J.
Terramundo Ltd.
Westphal David W.
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