Furnaces – Straw burner and feeder
Patent
1986-09-17
1989-01-10
Favors, Edward G.
Furnaces
Straw burner and feeder
110101C, 110222, 110289, F23B 128
Patent
active
047965444
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to apparatus for tearing up and stoking of straw bales, and for automatic stoking of chips, pieces of wood, paper, industrial waste, garbage, lignite, coal, briquettes, pellets and other similar solid fuels.
2. Description of Background Art
For combustion of straw bales, especially large bales like round bales or rectilinear bales, the bales are torn up or cut to pieces in a so called bale cutter before the straw is fed into the furnace by a screw conveyor or a blower. Several different types of bale cutters are known. Their main shortcomings are that they are sensitive to the earth and stone particles that follow the bales, and to the string that the bales are held together by.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The objective of the invention is to provide a robust and reliable apparatus for tearing up and stoking straw bales, which is not sensitive to the earth and stone particles or the string which is found in the bales. It should also be possible to use the apparatus for combustion of other kinds of solid fuel than straw bales.
According to the invention this is achieved by an apparatus which comprises a number of parallel reciprocating or eccentrically moved serrated rods, which are situated in connection with the feeding opening of the furnace, so that the fuel, which is fed from a magazine onto the rods, is conveyed into the furnace. The serrated rods can tear up the string and straw from the bottom, and carry it away during the reciprocating or eccentric motion of the rods. Since the apparatus, in contrast to the known straw cutters, does not comprise any actual knives it is not sensitive to earth or stone particles or string. A suitable shape of the serrations is that the edge of the teeth is vertical on the forward side, while the rear side slopes downward towards the center of the rods. This is a practical method of comminuting the bales and transporting the material, and at the asme time it gives the least possible resistance in the back stroke. The serrated rods can be extended into the furnace, so that they also serve as the grate of the furnace. It is, however, preferred that the apparatus is made as a separate unit, independent of the furnace.
The fuel can be fed from the reciprocating or eccentrically moved serrated rods into the furnace by an intermediate sliding ramp or screw conveyor, but it is convenient that the rods are located in direct connection with the feeding opening of the furnace, so that the fuel is fed directly onto the grate of the furnace.
In a convenient arrangement the serrated rods are attached to a common yoke that is driven by a single propulsion unit. It is, however, obvious that the serrated rods can be moved individually, or in groups.
In order to achieve an even reciprocating or eccentrical movement of the serrated rods, the apparatus is preferably designed so that the reciprocating or eccentrical movement is imparted over a flywheel that is driven by a motor. The irregularities in the movement of the serrated rods which might occur as a consequence of uneven composition of the fuel is then compensated by the flywheel, and a smaller motor may be used.
In order to prevent the fuel from falling between the serrated rods, a grate can be positioned between them. The grate can be used for regulating the amount of fuel which is fed into the furnace, if it is arranged so that it can be raised or lowered in relation to the serrated rods. This is preferably done by hinging the grate in the end that is closest to the feeding door. When the grate is raised the protuding area of the teeth decreases, and as a consequence they transport less material. The grate can also be used for achieving a smooth action of the serrated rods. If the fuel should contain some specially resistant material, the grate is raised, so that only a small part of the teeth protrude.
The movement of the grate can be controlled in several ways. A suitable way is that the vertical movement of the grate is controlled in re
REFERENCES:
patent: 770143 (1904-09-01), Woodmansee
patent: 957163 (1910-05-01), Johnson
patent: 4637327 (1987-01-01), Jorgensen
Favors Edward G.
Norfab A/S
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