Apparatus for simulating soil mechanical impedance on root growt

Measuring and testing – Miscellaneous

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73 84, G01M 300

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044322330

ABSTRACT:
The apparatus for simulating soil mechanical impedance on the root growth potential attempts to mimic the growth patterns of soil roots. The penetration probe consists of a right conical element attached to a shaft for forcing the conical probe into the soil. The tip of the cone is provided with a plurality of bores which deliver a polymerized carbohydrate lubricant to the cone during soil penetration. This results in a reduction in the axial reaction forces and more accurately mimics the radial growth patterns of plant roots. Moreover, the lubricant mimics lubricants which plant roots naturally exude.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3906781 (1975-09-01), Vlasblom
patent: 3968682 (1976-07-01), Saint-Remy Pellissier
patent: 4061021 (1977-12-01), Baldwin
Agricultural Engineering, vol. 19, No. 2, Feb. 1938, "The Dynamic Properties of Soil; VIII, A Study of the Nature of Physical Forces Governing the Adhesion Between Soil and Metal Surfaces", Kummer and Nichols, pp. 3-8.
Agronomy Journal, Sep. 29, 1954, "Pfeffer's Studies of the Root Growth Pressures Exerted by Plants", Gill and Bolt, pp. 166-168.
Soil Science, vol. 108, No. 2, 1969, "Root Elongation Rates of Cotton and Peanuts as a Function of Soil Strength and Soil Water Content", Taylor and Ratliff, pp. 113-119.
Plant Physiol., vol. 45, 1970, "Diurnal Variations in Root Diameter", Huck, Klepper and Taylor, pp. 529-530.
Agriculture Handbook, 316 U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1970, "Soil Dynamics in Tillage and Traction", Gill and Vanden Berg, pp. 180-183.
ASAE, 1971, "Compaction of Agricultural Soils", Barnes et al., pp. 70-73.
Plant and Soil, 36, 1972, "Soil Physical Conditions Affecting Seedling Root Growth", Eavis, pp. 613-622.
ASAE, vol. 18, No. 5, 1975, "Lubrication of Soil-Metal Interfaces", Schafer, Gill and Reaves, pp. 848-851.
Agronomy Journal, vol. 69, Sep.-Oct. 1977, "Measurement of Radish Root Enlargement Under Mechanical Stress", Kibreab et al., pp. 857-860.
"Plant Root Systems: Their Function and Interaction With the Soil", Russell, McGraw-Hill Book Company Ltd., 1977.
ASAE, No. 4, 1981, "Modifying the Root Environment to Reduce Crop Stress", Bowen, pp. 21-39.
J. Agric. Engng. Res., 26, 1981, "The Dependence of Soil Penetrometer Pressure on Penetrometer Size", Whiteley et al., pp. 467-476.
ASAE, Paper No. 81-1047, 1981, "Moisture and Density Effect on Cone Index", Ayers and Perumpral, pp. 1-15.
ASAE, S313.1, Agricultural Engineers Yearbook-1982, "Soil Cone Penetrometer", p. 246.

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