Industrial electric heating furnaces – Arc furnace device – Electrode
Patent
1984-12-07
1987-05-12
Envall, Jr., Roy N.
Industrial electric heating furnaces
Arc furnace device
Electrode
81 5715, H05B 714
Patent
active
046655301
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention concerns the field of electric arc furnaces for steelworks and foundries, and has as its object an apparatus for replacing the electrodes of such furnaces.
At present, the mounting of such electrodes is generally carried out by manually assembling a column of three electrodes on a mounting stand, from where said column is removed in order to be transferred to the furnace by means of a traversing hoist.
After partial consumption, such a column is withdrawn from the furnace for cooling down and replacement with a new electrode. However, such a mounting process entails a relatively important time loss, and therefore a relatively long stopping period of the plants, which causes moreover oxidation of the electrode as well as a large heat loss in the furnace.
In certain cases, it is equally possible to carry out a manual mounting of the electrodes directly on the furnace during operation. This procedure avoids the drawbacks of the above-mentioned process, but its actual operation is nevertheless difficult and dangerous for the operators.
The present invention's aim is to overcome these drawbacks.
Thus it has as its object an apparatus for replacing the electrodes of electric arc furnaces, basically formed by a body provided with a hooking handle for a hook of a traversing hoist, by a sheath disposed in the body and provided with two tightening chucks, an upper and a lower one, respectively, and by a device for driving the sheath in rotation, characterized in that the sheath is provided with a centering chuck between its tightening chucks, in that the upper chuck is provided with an expansible support limiting its opening, and pinions for driving the tightening spiral of the retractable jaws, and in that the device for driving the sheath in rotation is formed by a screw-nut assembly for displacing the sheath in translation, by motors for the final screwing of the electrode, and by a device for driving in rotation and braking the sheath, the whole group of the control elements being pneumatically controlled.
According to a different embodiment of the invention, for the replacement of the electrodes from the bottom, the apparatus is essentially formed by a sheath, disposed in a vertical construction of two parts, a lower and an upper one, joined between them by a support plate and provided, near its opening, with a single differential chuck with hydropneumatic control, by a reference jack-vertical translation jack assembly acting on the lower part of the sheath by means of a pressure plate, a hollow support and the screw-nut assembly for screwing the electrode, by a centering cam centered on the sheath and coacting with the differential chuck, and by an assembly for gauging the screwing force on the electrode mounted on the upper part of the vertical construction.
According to another embodiment of the invention, for the replacement of the electrodes from the top, the body of the housing of the sheath is joined to the hooking handle of a hook of a traversing hoist by means of pneumatic springs, the upper and lower tightening chucks as well as the centering chucks have a hydropneumatic control, while the upper chuck coacts with a centering cam, a hydropneumatic pump feeds said chucks with interposition of a pneumatic control circuit, whose feed is ensured by compressed air tanks with periodical filling by means of a compressor.
The invention will be better understood thanks to the following description which refers to some preferred embodiments, given as non-limiting examples, and explained with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an elevational view in cross-section of an apparatus according to the invention in the loading position of an electrode;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view on larger scale of the apparatus according to FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view, on larger scale, along the line A--A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view, on larger scale, along the line B--B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a lateral elevational view in cross-section of a differe
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